Rodríguez Juliana, Mandalunis Patricia Mónica
Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
J Toxicol. 2018 Dec 23;2018:4854152. doi: 10.1155/2018/4854152. eCollection 2018.
The presence of metals in the environment is a matter of concern, since human activities are the major cause of pollution and metals can enter the food chain and bioaccumulate in hard and soft tissues/organs, which results in a long half-life of the metal in the body. Metal intoxication has a negative impact on human health and can alter different systems depending on metal type and concentration and duration of metal exposure. The present review focuses on the most common metals found in contaminated areas (cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel, mercury, chromium, lead, aluminum, titanium, and iron, as well as metalloid arsenic) and their effects on bone tissue. Both the lack and excess of these metals in the body can alter bone dynamics. Long term exposure and short exposure to high concentrations induce an imbalance in the bone remodeling process, altering both formation and resorption and leading to the development of different bone pathologies.
环境中金属的存在令人担忧，因为人类活动是污染的主要原因，金属可进入食物链并在硬组织和软组织/器官中生物累积，这导致金属在体内的半衰期很长。金属中毒会对人体健康产生负面影响，并可能根据金属类型、浓度和金属暴露持续时间改变不同的系统。本综述重点关注污染区域中最常见的金属（镉、锌、铜、镍、汞、铬、铅、铝、钛和铁，以及类金属砷）及其对骨组织的影响。体内这些金属的缺乏和过量都会改变骨动力学。长期暴露和短期高浓度暴露会导致骨重塑过程失衡，改变骨形成和骨吸收，从而导致不同骨病的发生。
