Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA.
Institute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, 95064, CA, USA.
Sci Rep. 2019 Jan 24;9(1):461. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36915-x.
Fisheries management faces numerous monitoring and enforcement challenges that are becoming more complex as fish stocks are depleted; and illegal, unregulated, and unreported fishing becomes more sophisticated. For remote island nations, the challenges are compounded by a loosely understood association of pelagic stocks to the ocean environment, and the tyranny of distance in monitoring and surveilling large exclusive economic zones (EEZ). An approach to ocean conservation is establishing protected areas, with the Pacific island nation of Palau as a leader with the recently established National Marine Sanctuary, which closes 80% of their EEZ to commercial fishing in 2020. Here we present an EEZ-wide analysis of Palau commercial fishing over a 6-year period (2011-2016), and develop a system for predicting fishing activity accounting for oceanic variables, climate indices, and vessel flag. Linking pelagic habitat to fishing activity provides high-resolution decision aids for management, highlighting the need for EEZ-specific analyses in addressing fisheries.
渔业管理面临着众多的监测和执法挑战，随着鱼类资源的枯竭，这些挑战变得更加复杂；而非法、无管制和未报告的捕捞行为则变得更加复杂。对于偏远岛国来说，由于对中上层鱼类种群与海洋环境之间的松散联系以及监测和监视大片专属经济区（EEZ）的距离限制，这些挑战更加复杂。一种海洋保护方法是建立保护区，太平洋岛国帕劳就是一个领导者，其最近建立了国家海洋保护区，该保护区在 2020 年将其 80%的专属经济区禁止商业捕鱼。在这里，我们对帕劳在六年期间（2011-2016 年）的商业捕鱼进行了全 EEZ 范围的分析，并开发了一种系统，用于根据海洋变量、气候指数和船只标志来预测捕鱼活动。将中上层生境与捕捞活动联系起来，为管理提供了高分辨率的决策辅助工具，突出了在解决渔业问题时需要进行特定 EEZ 的分析。
