Goldberg Rachel L, Cataldo Janine K
Clinical Research Coordinator, Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Am J Health Behav. 2018 Sep 1;42(5):54-64. doi: 10.5993/AJHB.42.5.5.
Whereas controversy about the e-cigarette's effectiveness and safety as a smoking cessation tool continues, e-cigarette use prevalence continues rising. In this study, we sought to describe experiences of adult e-cigarette users and to examine their motivations, beliefs, and use patterns. This qualitative study included one-on-one semi-structured phone interviews with 20 current California e-cigarette users (mean age = 38 ± 9.44 years). Interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed using MAXQDA. E-cigarettes initially addressed participants' problems related to smoking; they no longer smelled like cigarette smoke and could avoid smoke-free regulations. Participants highlighted the importance of e-cigarette flavors and of "receiving moral credit" for harm reduction by using e-cigarettes to quit smoking cigarettes. Many described eventual dissatisfaction with e-cigarettes, which resulted in relapse to cigarette smoking and/or dual use with cigarettes. The convenience of e-cigarettes coupled with the pattern of constant use left participants increasingly reliant on e-cigarettes. Ultimately, failed cessation and dual use exposes smokers to greater levels of nicotine, while still exposing them to cigarette smoke. Public health campaigns should promote awareness of the risks of using e-cigarettes, including failed cessation attempts, dual use, addiction, and other health consequences.
尽管关于电子烟作为戒烟工具的有效性和安全性的争议仍在继续，但电子烟的使用普及率却在持续上升。在本研究中，我们试图描述成年电子烟使用者的经历，并考察他们的动机、信念和使用模式。这项定性研究包括对20名加利福尼亚州目前的电子烟使用者（平均年龄 = 38 ± 9.44岁）进行一对一的半结构化电话访谈。访谈内容被转录，并使用MAXQDA进行主题分析。电子烟最初解决了参与者与吸烟相关的问题；它们不再有香烟烟雾的味道，并且可以规避无烟规定。参与者强调了电子烟口味的重要性，以及通过使用电子烟戒烟而 “获得道德认可” 以减少危害的重要性。许多人描述了最终对电子烟的不满，这导致他们重新开始吸烟和 / 或同时使用香烟。电子烟的便利性加上持续使用的模式，使参与者越来越依赖电子烟。最终，戒烟失败和同时使用香烟会使吸烟者接触到更高水平的尼古丁，同时仍使他们接触到香烟烟雾。公共卫生运动应提高人们对使用电子烟风险的认识，包括戒烟尝试失败、同时使用香烟、成瘾以及其他健康后果。
