LaMondia J A
Chief Scientist, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Valley Laboratory, P.O. Box 248, Windsor, CT 06095.
Plant Dis. 2015 Mar;99(3):363-369. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-02-14-0217-RE.
Calonectria pseudonaviculata causes leaf and stem lesions resulting in defoliation and dieback of boxwood. Trials were conducted to evaluate fungicide management of boxwood blight under greenhouse and container nursery conditions in Connecticut using fungicides previously determined to have in vitro activity against conidial germination or mycelial growth. Plants of different boxwood cultivars were inoculated 48 h after fungicide application. Disease progression was monitored over 6 weeks and progressed from leaf and stem lesions to defoliation. The level of disease control achieved by fungicides was generally good, with the most efficacious treatments averaging from 95 to nearly 100% control. Products containing propiconazole, myclobutanil, thiophanate-methyl, fludioxonil, pyraclostrobin, kresoxim-methyl, and chlorothalonil had significant efficacy. The combination of systemic plus protectant fungicides in a single application resulted in superior disease control compared to the use of a systemic fungicide. There were no differences between the fungicide treatments that included thiophanate-methyl and those that included propiconazole as the systemic fungicide. Korean and 'Winter Gem' (Buxus sinica var. insularis) were the least susceptible of the cultivars evaluated, common boxwood (B. sempervirens) and True Dwarf (B. sempervirens 'Suffruticosa') were the most susceptible, and 'Green Mountain' (B. sinica var. insularis × B. sempervirens Suffruticosa) and 'Green Velvet' (B. sinica var. insularis × B. sempervirens Suffruticosa) were intermediate. These results suggest that B. sinica var. insularis may have some level of resistance to boxwood blight. Management of boxwood blight will rely on integrated best management practices that include inspection of incoming plant material, sanitation, cultural controls including use of cultivars tolerant to infection, and fungicide application.
假舟形拟丽赤壳菌会导致黄杨树叶和茎部出现病斑，进而造成黄杨落叶和枯萎。在康涅狄格州的温室和容器苗圃条件下进行了试验，以评估黄杨枯萎病的杀菌剂防治效果，试验使用了先前确定对分生孢子萌发或菌丝体生长具有体外活性的杀菌剂。在施用杀菌剂48小时后，对不同黄杨品种的植株进行接种。对病害进展进行了6周的监测，病害从叶和茎部病斑发展到落叶。杀菌剂实现的病害控制水平总体良好，最有效的处理平均控制率为95%至近100%。含有丙环唑、腈菌唑、甲基硫菌灵、咯菌腈、吡唑醚菌酯、醚菌酯和百菌清的产品具有显著疗效。与单独使用内吸性杀菌剂相比，单次施用内吸性加保护型杀菌剂的组合能实现更好的病害控制。包含甲基硫菌灵的杀菌剂处理与包含丙环唑作为内吸性杀菌剂的处理之间没有差异。在所评估的品种中，韩国黄杨和‘冬宝石’（黄杨绢野螟）最不易感，普通黄杨（欧洲黄杨）和真矮黄杨（欧洲黄杨‘矮生’）最易感，而‘绿山’（黄杨绢野螟×欧洲黄杨矮生）和‘绿天鹅绒’（黄杨绢野螟×欧洲黄杨矮生）处于中间水平。这些结果表明，黄杨绢野螟可能对黄杨枯萎病具有一定程度的抗性。黄杨枯萎病管理将依赖于综合的最佳管理实践，包括检查 incoming 植物材料、卫生措施、包括使用耐感染品种的栽培控制以及施用杀菌剂。 （注：原文中“incoming plant material”直译为“ incoming 植物材料”，可能存在表述不完整或有误的情况，建议进一步确认其准确含义）
