Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China.
Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ya'an, Sichuan, China.
Eur J Nutr. 2020 Feb;59(1):327-344. doi: 10.1007/s00394-019-01910-z. Epub 2019 Jan 30.
Dietary protein, as important macronutrient, is vital for intestinal function and health status. We aimed to determine the effects of dietary protein source on growth performance and intestinal function of neonates with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in a pig model.
Eighteen pairs of IUGR and normal birth weight (NBW) weaned pigs were allotted to be fed starter diet containing soybean protein concentrate (SPC) or spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) for 2 weeks. Growth performance, antioxidant variables, intestinal morphology and absorption capability, microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were assessed.
IUGR led to poor growth performance, absorption capability and changes on antioxidant variables, while SDPP diet improved the growth performance, diarrhea index, intestinal morphology and antioxidant variables of IUGR or NBW pigs relative to that fed SPC diet. Importantly, SDPP diet improved bacterial diversity and increased the abundance of phylum Firmicutes, but decreased the phylum Proteobacteria in colonic digesta, associating with higher genera Lactobacillus and lower genera Escherichia-Shigella, linking to the increased concentration of SCFA.
Our findings indicate that IUGR impairs the growth rate, intestinal function and oxidative status of weaned pigs, which could be partly improved by SDPP diet either for IUGR or NBW pigs, associating with the better antioxidant capability, composition of microbiotas and their metabolites.
作为重要的宏量营养素，膳食蛋白质对肠道功能和健康状况至关重要。本研究旨在通过猪模型确定不同蛋白质来源对宫内发育迟缓（IUGR）仔猪生长性能和肠道功能的影响。
将 18 对 IUGR 和正常出生体重（NBW）断奶仔猪分配到含有大豆浓缩蛋白（SPC）或喷雾干燥猪血浆（SDPP）的仔猪开食料中，饲养 2 周。评估生长性能、抗氧化变量、肠道形态和吸收能力、微生物群落组成和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）。
IUGR 导致生长性能、吸收能力和抗氧化变量发生变化，而 SDPP 日粮改善了 IUGR 或 NBW 仔猪的生长性能、腹泻指数、肠道形态和抗氧化变量，相对于 SPC 日粮。重要的是，SDPP 日粮增加了厚壁菌门的丰度，降低了变形菌门的丰度，同时增加了结肠内容物中短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的浓度，这与乳杆菌属属的丰度增加和埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌属属的丰度降低有关。
本研究结果表明，IUGR 会损害断奶仔猪的生长速度、肠道功能和氧化状态，而 SDPP 日粮可以部分改善 IUGR 或 NBW 仔猪的这些情况，这与更好的抗氧化能力、微生物群落组成及其代谢物有关。
