Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK.
School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK.
Genes (Basel). 2019 Feb 1;10(2):109. doi: 10.3390/genes10020109.
Measurements of nuclear organization in asymmetric nuclei in 2D images have traditionally been manual. This is exemplified by attempts to measure chromosome position in sperm samples, typically by dividing the nucleus into zones, and manually scoring which zone a fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) signal lies in. This is time consuming, limiting the number of nuclei that can be analyzed, and prone to subjectivity. We have developed a new approach for automated mapping of FISH signals in asymmetric nuclei, integrated into an existing image analysis tool for nuclear morphology. Automatic landmark detection defines equivalent structural regions in each nucleus, then dynamic warping of the FISH images to a common shape allows us to generate a composite of the signal within the entire cell population. Using this approach, we mapped the positions of the sex chromosomes and two autosomes in three mouse lineages (, and ). We found that in all three, chromosomes 11 and 19 tend to interact with each other, but are shielded from interactions with the sex chromosomes. This organization is conserved across 2 million years of mouse evolution.
在二维图像中对非对称核的核组织进行测量传统上是手动进行的。例如，尝试测量精子样本中的染色体位置，通常是将细胞核分为区域，然后手动评分荧光原位杂交（FISH）信号位于哪个区域。这既耗时又费力，限制了可分析的细胞核数量，并且容易受到主观性的影响。我们开发了一种新的方法，用于自动映射非对称核中的 FISH 信号，该方法已集成到现有的核形态图像分析工具中。自动地标检测在每个核中定义等效的结构区域，然后对 FISH 图像进行动态变形以使其具有共同的形状，从而使我们能够在整个细胞群体中生成信号的复合图。使用这种方法，我们绘制了三个小鼠谱系（，和）中性染色体和两条常染色体的位置。我们发现，在所有三个谱系中，染色体 11 和 19 倾向于相互作用，但受到与性染色体相互作用的保护。这种组织在 200 万年的小鼠进化过程中是保守的。
