The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia.
Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Nutrients. 2018 Jul 30;10(8):998. doi: 10.3390/nu10080998.
Systematic reviews of trials consistently demonstrate that reducing salt intake lowers blood pressure. However, there is limited evidence on how interventions function in the real world to achieve sustained population-wide salt reduction. Process evaluations are crucial for understanding how and why an intervention resulted in its observed effect in that setting, particularly for complex interventions. This project presents the detailed protocol for a process evaluation of a statewide strategy to lower salt intake in Victoria, Australia. We describe the pragmatic methods used to collect and analyse data on six process evaluation dimensions: reach, dose or adoption, fidelity, effectiveness, context and cost, informed by Linnan and Steckler's framework and RE-AIM. Data collection methods include routinely collected administrative data; surveys of processed foods, the population, food industry and organizations; targeted campaign evaluation and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative and qualitative data will be triangulated to provide validation or context for one another. This process evaluation will contribute new knowledge about what components of the intervention are important to salt reduction strategies and how the interventions cause reduced salt intake, to inform the transferability of the program to other Australian states and territories. This protocol can be adapted for other population-based, complex, disease prevention interventions.
系统评价试验一致表明，减少盐的摄入量可降低血压。然而，关于干预措施在现实世界中如何发挥作用以实现持续的全民减盐，证据有限。对于了解干预措施如何以及为何在特定环境中产生其观察到的效果，过程评估至关重要，特别是对于复杂的干预措施。本项目介绍了一项针对澳大利亚维多利亚州降低盐摄入量的全州战略的过程评估的详细方案。我们描述了使用实用方法收集和分析六个过程评估维度的数据的方法：范围、剂量或采用、保真度、效果、背景和成本，这些方法受 Linnan 和 Steckler 的框架和 RE-AIM 启发。数据收集方法包括常规收集的管理数据；加工食品、人口、食品行业和组织的调查；针对活动的评估和半结构化访谈。定量和定性数据将进行三角剖分，以相互提供验证或背景。这项过程评估将提供有关干预措施的哪些组成部分对盐减少策略很重要以及干预措施如何导致盐摄入量减少的新知识，以为该计划向澳大利亚其他州和地区的推广提供信息。本方案可以适用于其他基于人群的、复杂的、疾病预防干预措施。
