Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia.
Infant Ment Health J. 2019 Mar;40(2):217-233. doi: 10.1002/imhj.21770. Epub 2019 Feb 5.
Numerous studies have shown that children's temperamental characteristics impact the quality and quantity of parent-child interactions. However, these studies have largely focused on middle-class samples, have not compared multiple domains of parenting across mothers and fathers, and have not considered the possibility of nonlinear associations between temperament and parenting. The present study addresses these gaps by examining the potentially nonlinear role of two temperamental characteristics-negative emotionality and sociability-in predicting the quality and quantity of low-income mothers' and fathers' parenting. Data were drawn from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project, a study of low-income children and families. Results indicated that whereas parenting quality was somewhat impaired when children were temperamentally vulnerable (low sociability, high negativity), parents increased parenting quantity with the same vulnerable children. There was some evidence that parents were most reactive to children who scored either very high or very low on negative emotionality and sociability in both parenting domains. Patterns also suggest that mothers were more reactive to sociability, and fathers to negative emotionality.
许多研究表明，儿童的气质特征会影响亲子互动的质量和数量。然而，这些研究主要集中在中产阶级样本上，没有比较母亲和父亲在多个育儿领域的情况，也没有考虑气质与育儿之间可能存在的非线性关系。本研究通过考察两个气质特征（消极情绪和社交性）在预测低收入母亲和父亲育儿质量和数量方面的潜在非线性作用，弥补了这些空白。数据来自早期开端研究和评估项目，该项目是一项针对低收入儿童及其家庭的研究。研究结果表明，当孩子的气质特征较弱（社交性较低，消极情绪较高）时，育儿质量会受到一定程度的损害，但父母会随着同样较弱的孩子增加育儿数量。有一些证据表明，父母对在两个育儿领域中消极情绪和社交性得分都非常高或非常低的孩子反应最强烈。模式还表明，母亲对社交性的反应更强烈，而父亲对消极情绪的反应更强烈。
