Gyawali Bishal, Mishra Shiva Raj, Virani Salim S, Kallestrup Per
Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Heart Asia. 2019 Jan 10;11(1):e011131. doi: 10.1136/heartasia-2018-011131. eCollection 2019.
The aim of this study was to assess the status of cardiovascular health among a semi-urban population of Nepal, and determine factors associated with ideal cardiovascular health.
A population-based, cross-sectional study using a systematic random sample was conducted among 2310 adults aged ≥ 25 years in a semi-urban area of the Pokhara Metropolitan City previously named Lekthnath in Nepal. The ideal, intermediate and poor cardiovascular health were defined as the presence of 6-7, 4-5 or 1-3 health metrics, among a list of 7 health behaviours and healthfactors, namely smoking, body mass index, physical activity, fruits and vegetables intakes, harmful alcohol consumption, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose. We used univariate and multivariate Poisson regression models adjusting for sex, age groups, ethnicity, educational level and socioeconomic status, and calculated the prevalence ratios with 95% CIs.
Only 14.3 % of the participants had ideal cardiovascular health, whereas 67.0% and 18.7% of the participants had intermediate and poor cardiovascular health, respectively. Age groups 45-54 years (prevalence ratio 0.88, 95% CI: 0.83 to 0.94, p<0.001) and 55-64 years (prevalence ratio 0.84, 95% CI: 0.79 to 0.90, p<0.001) were significantly associated with low prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health compared with the age group 35-44 years. Ethnic groups, including Janajati (prevalence ratio 0.89, 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.93, p<0.001) and Dalit (prevalence ratio 0.9, 95% CI: 0.84 to 0.95, p=0.001), were significantly associated with low prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health.
Prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health is low in the semi-urban population in Nepal. Concerted efforts are needed to develop a population-based intervention to improve cardiovascular health in Nepal.
本研究旨在评估尼泊尔半城市人口的心血管健康状况，并确定与理想心血管健康相关的因素。
在尼泊尔博卡拉市（原名为莱克塔纳特）的一个半城市地区，对2310名年龄≥25岁的成年人进行了一项基于人群的横断面研究，采用系统随机抽样。理想、中等和较差的心血管健康被定义为在7种健康行为和健康因素（即吸烟、体重指数、身体活动、水果和蔬菜摄入量、有害饮酒、血压和空腹血糖）列表中存在6 - 7种、4 - 5种或1 - 3种健康指标。我们使用单变量和多变量泊松回归模型，对性别、年龄组、种族、教育水平和社会经济地位进行了调整，并计算了95%置信区间的患病率比值。
只有14.3%的参与者具有理想的心血管健康，而分别有67.0%和18.7%的参与者具有中等和较差的心血管健康。与35 - 44岁年龄组相比，45 - 54岁年龄组（患病率比值0.88，95%置信区间：0.83至0.94，p<0.001）和55 - 64岁年龄组（患病率比值0.84，95%置信区间：0.79至0.90，p<0.001）与理想心血管健康低患病率显著相关。包括贾纳贾蒂族（患病率比值0.89，95%置信区间：0.85至0.93，p<0.001）和达利特种族（患病率比值0.9，95%置信区间：0.84至0.95，p = 0.001）在内的种族与理想心血管健康低患病率显著相关。
尼泊尔半城市人口中理想心血管健康的患病率较低。需要共同努力制定基于人群的干预措施，以改善尼泊尔的心血管健康。
