Carrow James K, Di Luca Andrea, Dolatshahi-Pirouz Alireza, Moroni Lorenzo, Gaharwar Akhilesh K
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Tissue Regeneration Department, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Regen Biomater. 2019 Feb;6(1):29-37. doi: 10.1093/rb/rby024. Epub 2018 Dec 15.
Additive manufacturing (AM) has shown promise in designing 3D scaffold for regenerative medicine. However, many synthetic biomaterials used for AM are bioinert. Here, we report synthesis of bioactive nanocomposites from a poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate) (PEOT)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) (PEOT/PBT) copolymer and 2D nanosilicates for fabricating 3D scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. PEOT/PBT have been shown to support calcification and bone bonding ability , while 2D nanosilicates induce osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in absence of osteoinductive agents. The effect of nanosilicates addition to PEOT/PBT on structural, mechanical and biological properties is investigated. Specifically, the addition of nanosilicate to PEOT/PBT improves the stability of nanocomposites in physiological conditions, as nanosilicate suppressed the degradation rate of copolymer. However, no significant increase in the mechanical stiffness of scaffold due to the addition of nanosilicates is observed. The addition of nanosilicates to PEOT/PBT improves the bioactive properties of AM nanocomposites as demonstrated hMSCs readily proliferated on the scaffolds containing nanosilicates and resulted in significant upregulation of osteo-related proteins and production of mineralized matrix. The synergistic ability of nanosilicates and PEOT/PBT can be utilized for designing bioactive scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
增材制造（AM）在设计用于再生医学的3D支架方面已展现出前景。然而，许多用于增材制造的合成生物材料是生物惰性的。在此，我们报告了由聚（对苯二甲酸乙二酯）（PEOT）/聚（对苯二甲酸丁二酯）（PBT）（PEOT/PBT）共聚物和二维纳米硅酸盐合成生物活性纳米复合材料，用于制造骨组织工程的3D支架。PEOT/PBT已被证明具有支持钙化和骨结合能力，而二维纳米硅酸盐在无骨诱导剂的情况下可诱导人间充质干细胞（hMSCs）的成骨分化。研究了向PEOT/PBT中添加纳米硅酸盐对其结构、力学和生物学性能的影响。具体而言，向PEOT/PBT中添加纳米硅酸盐可提高纳米复合材料在生理条件下的稳定性，因为纳米硅酸盐抑制了共聚物的降解速率。然而，未观察到由于添加纳米硅酸盐而导致支架的机械刚度显著增加。向PEOT/PBT中添加纳米硅酸盐可改善增材制造纳米复合材料的生物活性性能，如hMSCs在含有纳米硅酸盐的支架上易于增殖，并导致骨相关蛋白显著上调和矿化基质的产生。纳米硅酸盐和PEOT/PBT的协同能力可用于设计骨组织工程的生物活性支架。
