BK21 PLUS Project, Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
School of Stomatology, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China.
Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 13;9(1):1938. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39414-9.
Titanium is commonly used as a biomaterial for dental implants. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial properties of titanium samples following treatment with a non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet (NTAPPJ) on bacteria with two different cell wall structures, including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The hydrophilicity and surface energy of titanium surfaces were significantly increased after NTAPPJ treatment without altering topographical features. Changes in the chemical composition and reductive potential were observed on the NTAPPJ-treated titanium surfaces. The adhesion and biofilm formation rate of bacteria were significantly reduced on the NTAPPJ-treated titanium surfaces compared with the untreated samples, which was confirmed by fluorescent imaging. Regarding the comparison between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, both adhesion and the biofilm formation rate were significantly lower for gram-negative bacteria than gram-positive bacteria on samples treated for longer durations with the NTAPPJ. Transmission electron microscopy imaging showed a comparably more disruptive membrane structure of gram-negative bacteria than gram-positive bacteria on the NTAPPJ-treated surfaces. Our results indicated that the NTAPPJ treatment could be useful for preventing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on titanium dental implant surfaces, while the reductive potential on surfaces treated by the NTAPPJ could cause oxidation of bacteria, which could be more sensitive to gram-negative bacteria due to differences in the cell wall structure.
钛通常被用作牙科植入物的生物材料。在这项研究中，我们研究了经非热常压等离子体射流（NTAPPJ）处理的具有两种不同细胞壁结构的细菌（革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌）的钛样本的抗菌性能。NTAPPJ 处理后，钛表面的亲水性和表面能显著提高，而形貌特征没有改变。在 NTAPPJ 处理过的钛表面观察到化学成分和还原电位的变化。与未经处理的样品相比，NTAPPJ 处理过的钛表面上细菌的粘附和生物膜形成率显著降低，荧光成像得到了证实。关于革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌的比较，对于 NTAPPJ 处理时间较长的样品，革兰氏阴性细菌的粘附和生物膜形成率均明显低于革兰氏阳性细菌。透射电子显微镜成像显示，在 NTAPPJ 处理过的表面上，革兰氏阴性细菌的膜结构比革兰氏阳性细菌更具破坏性。我们的结果表明，NTAPPJ 处理可有效防止钛牙科植入物表面的细菌粘附和生物膜形成，而 NTAPPJ 处理表面的还原电位可能导致细菌氧化，由于细胞壁结构的差异，革兰氏阴性细菌可能更敏感。
