Damicone J P, Edelson J V, Sherwood J L, Myers L D, Motes J E
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078.
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
Plant Dis. 2007 May;91(5):509-516. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-91-5-0509.
In five field trials over 3 years, control of aphid-transmitted, nonpersistent virus diseases on pumpkin, caused mostly by the potyviruses Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) and Papaya ringspot virus type-W (PRSV-W), was achieved by intercropping with grain sorghum, as opposed to clean tillage. Reductions in disease incidence ranged from 43 to 96% (P ≤ 0.05). Surrounding pumpkin plots with borders of peanut, soybean, or corn was not effective. Borders of grain sorghum were effective, but disease control was generally less than for the intercrop treatment. Intercropping soybean and peanut with pumpkin reduced disease incidence by 27 to 60% (P ≤ 0.05), but disease control generally was less than for grain sorghum. Peak periods of alate aphid immigration generally preceded virus disease outbreaks by 7 to 14 days. However, alate landing rates, as measured in green tile traps, did not differ among treatments. Marketable yield was not increased by the intercrop treatments, and yield was reduced by up to 50% for the intercrop treatment with grain sorghum in two trials. The use of grass-selective herbicide applied along pumpkin rows, reduced seeding rates of the intercrops, or mowing did not alleviate the adverse effects of competition between pumpkin and the grain sorghum intercrop on yield.
在为期3年的5次田间试验中，与清耕相比，通过与高粱间作实现了对南瓜上由蚜虫传播的非持久性病毒病的防治，这些病害主要由马铃薯Y病毒属的西瓜花叶病毒（WMV）和番木瓜环斑病毒W型（PRSV-W）引起。发病率降低了43%至96%（P≤0.05）。用花生、大豆或玉米作为南瓜地块的边界无效。高粱边界有效，但病害防治效果通常低于间作处理。大豆和花生与南瓜间作使发病率降低了27%至60%（P≤0.05），但病害防治效果通常低于高粱。有翅蚜虫迁入高峰期通常比病毒病爆发提前7至14天。然而，用绿色瓦片诱捕器测量的有翅蚜虫降落率在各处理间没有差异。间作处理没有提高可销售产量，在两项试验中，高粱间作处理使产量降低了50%。沿南瓜行施用禾本科选择性除草剂、降低间作作物播种率或割草并不能减轻南瓜与高粱间作对产量的竞争不利影响。
