Elhadi Nasreldin
Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Dammam, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Med Med Sci. 2016 Jan-Apr;4(1):19-25. doi: 10.4103/1658-631X.170883. Epub 2015 Dec 2.
The prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in the in frozen freshwater fish imported into Saudi Arabia have not been investigated.
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ESBL-producing in frozen freshwater fish imported into Saudi Arabia and retailed in various supermarkets and food stores in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
A total of 405 imported freshwater fish samples: Catfish ( = 65); mrigal ( = 45); tilapia ( = 135); carfoo ( = 50); rohu ( = 75); and milkfish ( = 35) were purchased from supermarkets and screened for ESBL-producing using ESBL chromogenic selective agar. The phenotypically confirmed ESBL isolates were further tested for antimicrobial susceptibility testing against 21 antimicrobial agents and amplification of , , and genes using polymerase chain reaction.
A total of 110 out of the 405 (27.2%) freshwater fish samples were found to be positive for ESBL producing and yielded 224 confirmed isolates. The highest rates of multi-drug resistant patterns to antimicrobial agents were observed in isolated from catfish, mrigal, and tilapia imported from Thailand and milkfish imported from Vietnam. The most prevalent ESBL gene found in the samples was , which was detected in tilapia (100%, = 30) imported from Thailand and carfoo (100%, = 5), milkfish (60%, = 24), catfish (52.3%, = 34), and tilapia imported from India (34.8%, = 24).
The results confirmed the imported frozen freshwater fish is pool reservoir of antibiotic resistance and ESBL producing .
尚未对进口到沙特阿拉伯的冷冻淡水鱼中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）情况及抗菌药敏试验进行调查。
本研究旨在调查进口到沙特阿拉伯并在沙特阿拉伯东部省各超市和食品店零售的冷冻淡水鱼中产ESBL细菌的流行情况。
从超市购买了共405份进口淡水鱼样本：鲶鱼（n = 65）；鲮鱼（n = 45）；罗非鱼（n = 135）；遮目鱼（n = 50）；印度卢鲷（n = 75）；虱目鱼（n = 35），并使用ESBL显色选择性琼脂筛选产ESBL细菌。对表型确认的ESBL分离株进一步进行21种抗菌药物的抗菌药敏试验，并使用聚合酶链反应扩增blaCTX-M、blaTEM和blaSHV基因。
405份淡水鱼样本中共有110份（27.2%）产ESBL细菌呈阳性，并获得224株确认分离株。从泰国进口的鲶鱼、鲮鱼和罗非鱼以及从越南进口的虱目鱼中分离出的细菌对抗菌药物的多重耐药模式发生率最高。样本中最普遍的ESBL基因是blaCTX-M，在从泰国进口的罗非鱼（100%，n = 30）、遮目鱼（100%，n = 5）、虱目鱼（60%，n = 24）、鲶鱼（52.3%，n = 34）和从印度进口的罗非鱼（34.8%，n = 24）中检测到。
结果证实进口冷冻淡水鱼是抗生素耐药性和产ESBL细菌的储存库。
