Novel Devices Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Abbott Diabetes Care, Alameda, CA, USA.
Nat Biotechnol. 2019 Apr;37(4):407-419. doi: 10.1038/s41587-019-0040-3. Epub 2019 Feb 25.
Peripheral biochemical monitoring involves the use of wearable devices for minimally invasive or noninvasive measurement of analytes in biofluids such as interstitial fluid, saliva, tears and sweat. The goal in most cases is to obtain measurements that serve as surrogates for circulating analyte concentrations in blood. Key technological developments to date include continuous glucose monitors, which use an indwelling sensor needle to measure glucose in interstitial fluid, and device-integrated sweat stimulation for continuous access to analytes in sweat. Further development of continuous sensing technologies through new electrochemical sensing modalities will be a major focus of future research. While there has been much investment in wearable technologies to sense analytes, less effort has been directed to understanding the physiology of biofluid secretion. Elucidating the underlying biology is crucial for accelerating technological progress, as the biofluid itself often presents the greatest challenge in terms of sample volumes, secretion rates, filtration, active analyte channels, variable pH and salinity, analyte breakdown and other confounding factors.
外周生化监测涉及使用可穿戴设备对生物流体（如间质液、唾液、眼泪和汗液）中的分析物进行微创或非侵入性测量。在大多数情况下，目标是获得可作为血液中循环分析物浓度替代物的测量值。迄今为止的关键技术发展包括连续葡萄糖监测器，它使用内置的传感器针测量间质液中的葡萄糖，以及设备集成的汗液刺激，以持续获取汗液中的分析物。通过新的电化学传感模式进一步开发连续传感技术将是未来研究的主要重点。虽然在可穿戴技术感应分析物方面投入了大量资金，但在了解生物流体分泌的生理学方面的努力却较少。阐明潜在生物学对于加速技术进步至关重要，因为生物流体本身在样品量、分泌率、过滤、活性分析物通道、可变 pH 值和盐度、分析物分解和其他混杂因素方面往往是最大的挑战。
