Evaluation of the Treatment Effect of Fermentation in Burn Injury Healing Using a Rat Model.

Burn injury is a growing medical problem associated with public health, and few effective agents are available for treatment of this disease. In the present study, a burn injury rat model was developed and the accelerated effect of fermentation on burn injury healing was evaluated. Our results indicated that fermentation could markedly reduce the DPPH (56.12%), O (93.5%), OH (76.12%), Fe chelation (82%), and oxygen-reduction activity (0.28 g/ml) and significantly inhibited the growth of pathogens ATCC 13311 (inhibition zone diameter: 14 mm), ATCC13076 (IZD: 13 mm), ATCC 12022 (IZD: 18 mm), 44102 (IZD: 10 mm), ATCC 19111 (IZD: 18 mm), 301 (IZD: 20 mm), COWAN1 (IZD: 19 mm), and ATCC 11827 (IZD: 25 mm) . The results indicated that fermentation produced more eosinophils and fibroblasts and less vessel proliferation compared with the model group on the 14 day, which had greatly accelerated burn injury healing via shedding of the scab and promoting hair growth. ELISA results indicated that fermentation had significantly reduced the production of proinflammatory factors TNF- and IL-1 ( < 0.05) and greatly enhanced the yield of anti-inflammatory factor IL-4 in animal serum ( < 0.05). In addition, the high-throughput sequencing results indicated that fermentation obviously increased the percentage of Firmicutes (65.86% vs. 49.76%), while reducing the number of Bacteroidetes (27.60% vs. 45.15%) compared with the M group at the phylum level. At the genus level, fermentation increased the probiotic bacteria (3.13% vs. 2.09%) and reduced the pathogens (10.60% vs.18.24%) and (2.91% vs. 16.41%) compared with the M group. Therefore, we concluded that the use of fermentation significantly accelerates burn injury healing via reduction of the severity of inflammation and through modification of gut microbiota.