Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
Emerging Pathogen Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
Nutr J. 2019 Mar 7;18(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12937-019-0439-1.
Dried fruits, such as raisins, contain phytochemicals and dietary fibers that contribute to maintaining health, potentially at least partially through modification in gut microbiota composition and activities. However, the effects of raisin consumption on gut microbiota have not previously been thoroughly investigated in humans. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine how adding three servings of sun dried raisin/day to the diet of healthy volunteers affects gut microbiota composition.
A 14-day exploratory feeding study was conducted with thirteen healthy individuals between the ages of 18 and 59 years. Participants consumed three servings (28.3 g each) of sun dried raisins daily. Fecal samples were collected prior to raisin consumption (baseline) and after the addition of raisins to the diet (on days 7 and 14). To determine the effects of raisin intake, fecal microbiota composition before and after raisin consumption was characterized for each participant by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Overall microbiota diversity was not significantly affected by adding raisins to the diet. However, upon addition of raisins to the diet specific OTUs matching Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroidetes sp. and Ruminococcus sp. increased in prevalence while OTUs closest to Klebsiella sp., Prevotella sp. and Bifidobacterium spp. decreased.
Our findings suggest that adding raisins to the diet can affect the prevalence of specific bacterial taxa. Potential health benefits of the observed microbiota changes should be determined in future studies in populations for which specific health outcomes can be targeted.
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Identifier: NCT02713165 .
葡萄干等干水果含有植物化学物质和膳食纤维，有助于维持健康，其潜在作用至少部分通过改变肠道微生物群落组成和活性来实现。然而，之前尚未在人体中彻底研究过食用葡萄干对肠道微生物群落的影响。因此，本研究旨在确定每天在健康志愿者的饮食中添加三份干葡萄干（日晒葡萄干）如何影响肠道微生物群落组成。
对 13 名年龄在 18 至 59 岁之间的健康个体进行了为期 14 天的探索性喂养研究。参与者每天食用三份（每份 28.3 克）干葡萄干。在食用葡萄干之前（基线）和在添加葡萄干后（第 7 天和第 14 天）收集粪便样本。为了确定葡萄干摄入的影响，对每位参与者在食用葡萄干前后的粪便微生物群落组成进行了 16S rRNA 基因测序。
总体而言，添加葡萄干对饮食不会显著影响微生物多样性。但是，在添加葡萄干后，特定的 OTUs（与 Faecalibacterium prausnitzii、Bacteroidetes sp. 和 Ruminococcus sp. 匹配）的流行度增加，而与 Klebsiella sp.、Prevotella sp. 和 Bifidobacterium spp. 最接近的 OTUs 减少。
我们的研究结果表明，在饮食中添加葡萄干可能会影响特定细菌类群的流行度。应该在未来的针对特定健康结果的人群中进行研究，以确定观察到的微生物群变化的潜在健康益处。
