Life Sciences, TÜBİTAK Marmara Research Center, Gebze 41470, Türkiye.
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar 31900, Malaysia.
Nutrients. 2023 Mar 26;15(7):1611. doi: 10.3390/nu15071611.
Dried fruits contain many bioactive compounds broadly classified as phytochemicals including phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, proanthocyanidins, stilbenes, chalcones/dihydrochalcones, and phytoestrogens. These compounds have antioxidant effects that may benefit health. Dried fruits are also a diverse group of foods with varying fibre contents. The evaluation of the biological activity of these bioactive compounds, including their bioaccessibility and bioavailability, may contribute to the understanding of the health effects of dried fruits. Limited evidence suggests that dried fruits (raisins, cranberries, dates, and prunes) affect human gut microbiota composition in a potentially beneficial manner (in terms of effects on , , , spp., and spp.). There is little epidemiological evidence about the association of dried fruit consumption with cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality, as well as the risk of type 2 diabetes or obesity. Clinical trial evidence for the effects of dried fruit consumption on cardiovascular risk factors, including glycaemic control, is mixed. Clinical trial evidence suggests prunes might preserve bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Consumption of dried fruits is associated with higher-quality diets. Studies are needed to increase our understanding of the health effects of dried fruits and the underlying biological mechanisms.
干制水果含有许多生物活性化合物，可广泛分为植物化学物质，包括酚类、类黄酮、类胡萝卜素、原花青素、白藜芦醇、查尔酮/二氢查尔酮和植物雌激素。这些化合物具有抗氧化作用，可能有益于健康。干制水果也是一组具有不同纤维含量的多样化食品。这些生物活性化合物的生物活性（包括生物可及性和生物利用度）的评估可能有助于理解干制水果对健康的影响。有限的证据表明，干制水果（葡萄干、小红莓、枣和李子）以潜在有益的方式影响人类肠道微生物群组成（就对 、 、 、 和 spp.的影响而言）。关于干制水果消费与心血管疾病发病率和死亡率以及 2 型糖尿病或肥胖风险之间的关联，仅有少量的流行病学证据。关于干制水果消费对心血管风险因素（包括血糖控制）的影响的临床试验证据存在差异。临床试验证据表明，李子可能有助于绝经后妇女保持骨密度。干制水果的消费与更优质的饮食有关。需要进行更多的研究来提高我们对干制水果健康影响及其潜在生物学机制的理解。
