Otte Joachim, Pica-Ciamarra Ugo, Morzaria Subhash
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy.
Front Vet Sci. 2019 Feb 22;6:37. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00037. eCollection 2019.
Understanding the interactions between livestock and the environment in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa is essential to sustainable livestock sector development. In this comparative overview, we review the available evidence on the extent of grassland degradation, land, and water pollution by nutrients and microorganisms, water stress, biodiversity loss, and greenhouse gas emissions and their relation to livestock production in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. We also draw on Asia's past livestock development trajectories and their impacts to provide guidance for future sustainable livestock development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Forward-looking policies and programs that anticipate long-term changes in the livestock sector and that assess trade-offs between policies and investments in multiple environmental domains in Sub-Saharan Africa are required to support sustainable development and guide policy decisions in the years ahead, from an environmental, social and public health perspective.
了解亚洲和撒哈拉以南非洲地区牲畜与环境之间的相互作用对于畜牧业的可持续发展至关重要。在本比较综述中，我们回顾了有关亚洲和撒哈拉以南非洲地区草地退化、土地和水体受养分及微生物污染、水资源压力、生物多样性丧失、温室气体排放程度及其与畜牧业生产关系的现有证据。我们还借鉴亚洲过去的畜牧业发展轨迹及其影响，为撒哈拉以南非洲地区未来的可持续畜牧业发展提供指导。需要制定前瞻性政策和计划，预测畜牧业的长期变化，并评估撒哈拉以南非洲地区多个环境领域政策与投资之间的权衡取舍，以便从环境、社会和公共卫生角度支持未来几年的可持续发展并指导政策决策。
