Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Nutrients. 2019 Mar 13;11(3):616. doi: 10.3390/nu11030616.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable degenerative disease that attacks the central nervous system. Roy Swank proposed a low saturated fat diet to treat MS around 1950 and showed delayed disease progression in his patients. However, there is insufficient evidence to recommend this diet for MS and default dietary recommendations are the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). This study assessed the nutritional adequacy of seven-day menus developed by Swank and their compliance with the DGA; menus were modeled for comparison with the DGA Healthy US-Style Eating Pattern (HEP) for males and females 31⁻50 years. Swank recommended dietary supplements corrected menu shortfalls in vitamins D, E, calcium, folate and iron but not dietary fiber, potassium and choline. Healthy Eating Index-2015 score for Swank menus (93.2/100) indicated good compliance with the DGA. Nutritional adequacy of the Swank modeled diet was similar to HEP for 17 vitamins and minerals (Mean Adequacy Ratios ≥94%) with similar shortfall nutrients except magnesium (HEP males) and dietary fiber (Swank males). Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 scores for Swank male (90/110) and female (88/110) model diets were similar to HEP. Swank menus have similar nutritional adequacy as HEP. Inclusion of foods high in dietary fiber, potassium and choline may be advised as well as selection of foods to reduce sodium below the Tolerable Upper Intake Level.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种无法治愈的退行性疾病，会攻击中枢神经系统。罗伊·斯旺克（Roy Swank）在 1950 年左右提出了一种低饱和脂肪饮食来治疗多发性硬化症，并在他的患者中显示出疾病进展的延迟。然而，没有足够的证据推荐这种饮食用于多发性硬化症，默认的饮食建议是美国人的饮食指南（DGA）。本研究评估了斯旺克制定的为期七天的菜单的营养充足性及其对 DGA 的遵守情况；这些菜单是为了与男性和女性 31⁻50 岁的 DGA 健康美国饮食模式（HEP）进行比较而建模的。斯旺克推荐的膳食补充剂纠正了菜单中维生素 D、E、钙、叶酸和铁的不足，但没有纠正膳食纤维、钾和胆碱的不足。斯旺克菜单的健康饮食指数-2015 评分（93.2/100）表明，其对 DGA 的遵守情况良好。斯旺克模型饮食的营养充足性与 HEP 相似，17 种维生素和矿物质的充足率均≥94%（平均充足率比≥94%），除了镁（HEP 男性）和膳食纤维（斯旺克男性）外，其他营养素的缺乏情况也相似。斯旺克男性（90/110）和女性（88/110）模型饮食的替代健康饮食指数-2010 评分与 HEP 相似。斯旺克菜单的营养充足性与 HEP 相似。建议增加膳食纤维、钾和胆碱含量高的食物，并选择降低钠摄入量至可耐受上限以下的食物。
