Department of Intestinal Biosciences and Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
PLoS One. 2019 Mar 19;14(3):e0214085. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214085. eCollection 2019.
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disease by restoring gut microbiota; however, there is a lack of sufficient understanding regarding which microbial populations successfully colonize the recipient gut. This study characterized microbial composition and diversity in patients diagnosed with chronic constipation at 1 month and 1 year after FMT.
We explored the microbial diversity of pre- and posttransplant stool specimens from patients using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, followed by functional analysis.
The results identified 22 species of microorganisms colonized in the recipients from the donors at 1 month after FMT. One-year follow-up of the patient identified the colonization of 18 species of microorganisms, resulting in identification of species in significant abundance, including Bacteroides fragilis and Hungatella hathewayi in the recipient at 1 month after FMT and Dialister succinatiphilus, Coprococcus catus, and Sutterella stercoricanis at 1 year after FMT. The majority of the colonized species belong to the phylum Firmicutes and carry genes related to polysaccharide metabolism and that enhance the energy-harvesting efficiency of the host.
These results suggest that FMT is effective for the treatment of chronic constipation through the restoration and colonization of donor microbiota in the recipient gut up to 1 year after FMT.
粪便微生物群移植（FMT）通过恢复肠道微生物群是治疗功能性胃肠病的有效治疗方法；然而，对于哪些微生物群成功定植在受者肠道中，人们缺乏足够的了解。本研究在 FMT 后 1 个月和 1 年时，对诊断为慢性便秘的患者进行了微生物组成和多样性特征分析。
我们通过 16S rRNA 基因测序对患者移植前后粪便标本的微生物多样性进行了探索，然后进行了功能分析。
结果在 FMT 后 1 个月时从供体中鉴定出 22 种定植在受者中的微生物。对患者的 1 年随访鉴定出 18 种定植的微生物，鉴定出大量定植的物种，包括 FMT 后 1 个月时受者中的脆弱拟杆菌和哈氏纤隙菌，以及 FMT 后 1 年时的琥珀酸拟杆菌、粪真杆菌和粪肠球菌。大多数定植的物种属于厚壁菌门，携带与多糖代谢相关的基因，并提高宿主的能量获取效率。
这些结果表明，FMT 通过恢复和定植供体肠道微生物群，在 FMT 后 1 年内有效治疗慢性便秘。
