Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Iowa, 115 S. Grand Ave., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Iowa, 115 S. Grand Ave., Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2020 Sep;16(9):1314-1317. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2019.03.007. Epub 2019 Mar 13.
Pharmacists work in many different settings and have various responsibilities. However, pharmacists are expensive and need to be used efficiently. Previous studies have shown that prescription preparation, clinician interaction, and medical record evaluation take a large part of a pharmacist's day. Additionally, it is also estimated that almost half of their time is considered "non-value added," or that their tasks could be performed by a non-pharmacist.
To observe pharmacists in multiple practice settings and record their activities to gauge inefficiencies.
Time and motion methods were used to observe how pharmacists in retail, clinical, hospital, ambulatory, and academic settings perform daily tasks. Data was collected every 5 min for a total of 18 h from each setting, and sorted into 20 general categories of pharmacists' tasks.
Pharmacists spend more time verifying prescriptions than any other activity, accounting for 31% of their time. Other common activities were patient education, charting, counseling, and chart review.
Although most of pharmacists' daily activities add value to the healthcare team, there are ways to use their time more efficiently. Along with delegating tasks to other pharmacy personnel, new initiatives designed to help pharmacists increase time spent on value-added tasks are recommended.
药剂师在许多不同的环境中工作，承担着各种职责。然而，药剂师的成本较高，需要高效利用。先前的研究表明，配药、与临床医生互动以及评估病历占据了药剂师大部分的工作时间。此外，据估计，他们近一半的时间被认为是“无附加值”的，也就是说，这些任务可以由非药剂师来完成。
观察多名药剂师在不同实践环境中的工作，并记录其工作效率低下的活动。
采用时间和动作研究方法观察零售、临床、医院、流动和学术环境中的药剂师如何执行日常任务。从每个环境中每 5 分钟收集一次数据，总共收集了 18 小时，并将数据分类为 20 项药剂师日常任务的一般类别。
药剂师花费在核对处方上的时间比其他任何活动都多，占其总时间的 31%。其他常见的活动包括患者教育、记录病历、咨询和病历审查。
尽管药剂师的大部分日常活动都为医疗团队增加了价值，但仍有提高其工作效率的方法。除了将任务委派给其他药剂师外，还建议采取新举措，帮助药剂师增加在有附加值任务上的时间。
