Bouscaren N, Benoit de Coignac C, Lastère S, Musso D, Teissier Y, Formont J, Chaix F, Giard M
Inserm CIC1410, CHU Réunion, Saint Pierre, France.
Private practice, Réunion, France.
New Microbes New Infect. 2019 Feb 14;29:100518. doi: 10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100518. eCollection 2019 May.
Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis with higher incidence in tropical areas and is a neglected disease in the Pacific region. French Polynesia (FP) is a French overseas territory located in the South Pacific. Data on the epidemiology in FP are scarce. In this study, we describe our understanding of leptospirosis epidemiology in FP and discuss the prospects concerning this disease and its surveillance to better address preventive actions. We report 11 years of surveillance data between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2017. Over the study period, 1356 confirmed and probable leptospirosis cases were reported. The mean annual incidence rate was 46.0 (95% confidence interval, 43.6-48.5) cases per 100 000 inhabitants. We registered 864 (63.7%) hospitalizations; of these, at least 270 (19.9%) were in the intensive care unit, and 24 patients (1.8%) died. Even if the incidence of leptospirosis is lower in FP compared to most of other Pacific countries and territories, our data confirm that the disease is highly endemic in FP. Despite all the preventive measures taken, leptospirosis remains a major public health concern in FP, thus highlighting the need to maintain intensive leptospirosis surveillance, medical staff training and provision of information to the general population.
钩端螺旋体病是一种全球性人畜共患病，在热带地区发病率较高，是太平洋地区被忽视的疾病。法属波利尼西亚（FP）是位于南太平洋的法国海外领地。关于FP地区流行病学的数据稀缺。在本研究中，我们描述了我们对FP地区钩端螺旋体病流行病学的认识，并讨论了关于该疾病及其监测的前景，以便更好地采取预防措施。我们报告了2007年1月1日至2017年12月31日期间11年的监测数据。在研究期间，共报告了1356例确诊和疑似钩端螺旋体病病例。年平均发病率为每10万居民46.0例（95%置信区间，43.6 - 48.5）。我们记录了864例（63.7%）住院病例；其中至少270例（19.9%）入住重症监护病房，24例患者（1.8%）死亡。尽管与大多数其他太平洋国家和领地相比，FP地区钩端螺旋体病的发病率较低，但我们的数据证实该疾病在FP地区高度流行。尽管采取了所有预防措施，钩端螺旋体病在FP地区仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题，因此凸显了维持钩端螺旋体病强化监测、医务人员培训以及向普通民众提供信息的必要性。
