Multilocus Sequence Analysis, a Rapid and Accurate Tool for Taxonomic Classification, Evolutionary Relationship Determination, and Population Biology Studies of the Genus .

The genus comprises a group of marine-dwelling species with worldwide distribution. Several species are regarded as causative agents of food spoilage and opportunistic pathogens of human diseases. In this study, a standard multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on six protein-coding genes (, , , , , and ) was established as a rapid and accurate identification tool in 59 type strains. This method yielded sufficient resolving power in regard to enough informative sites, adequate sequence divergences, and distinct interspecies branches. The stability of phylogenetic topology was supported by high bootstrap values and concordance with different methods. The reliability of the MLSA scheme was further validated by identical phylogenies and high correlations of genomes. The MLSA approach provided a robust system to exhibit evolutionary relationships in the genus. The split network tree proposed twelve distinct monophyletic clades with identical G+C contents and high genetic similarities. A total of 86 tested strains were investigated to explore the population biology of the genus in China. The most prevalent species was , followed by , , , , and The strains frequently isolated from clinical and food samples highlighted the importance of increasing the surveillance of species. Based on the combined genetic, genomic, and phenotypic analyses, should be considered a synonym of , and should be reclassified as a synonym of The MLSA scheme based on six housekeeping genes (HKGs) (, , , , , and ) is well established as a reliable tool for taxonomic, evolutionary, and population diversity analyses of the genus in this study. The standard MLSA method allows researchers to make rapid, economical, and precise identification of strains. The robust phylogenetic network of MLSA provides profound insight into the evolutionary structure of the genus The population genetics of species determined by the MLSA approach plays a pivotal role in clinical diagnosis and routine monitoring. Further studies on remaining species and genomic analysis will enhance a more comprehensive understanding of the microbial systematics, phylogenetic relationships, and ecological status of the genus .