Miao Shida, Cui Haitao, Nowicki Margaret, Xia Lang, Zhou Xuan, Lee Se-Jun, Zhu Wei, Sarkar Kausik, Zhang Zhiyong, Zhang Lijie Grace
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The George Washington University, 800 22nd St NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA,
Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing Technologies of Guangzhou Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong, Province 510150, P. R. China.
Adv Biosyst. 2018 Sep;2(9). doi: 10.1002/adbi.201800101. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
4D printing represents one of the most advanced fabrication techniques for prospective applications in tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and soft robotics, among others. In this study, a novel multiresponsive architecture is developed through stereolithography-based 4D printing, where a universal concept of stress-induced shape transformation is applied to achieve the 4D reprogramming. The light-induced graded internal stress followed by a subsequent solvent-induced relaxation, driving an autonomous and reversible change of the programmed configuration after printing, is employed and investigated in depth and details. Moreover, the fabricated construct possesses shape memory property, offering a characteristic of multiple shape change. Using this novel multiple responsive 4D technique, a proof-of-concept smart nerve guidance conduit is demonstrated on a graphene hybrid 4D construct providing outstanding multifunctional characteristics for nerve regeneration including physical guidance, chemical cues, dynamic self-entubulation, and seamless integration. By employing this fabrication technique, creating multiresponsive smart architectures, as well as demonstrating application potential, this work paves the way for truly initiation of 4D printing in various high-value research fields.
4D打印是一种最先进的制造技术，有望应用于组织工程、生物医学设备和软机器人等领域。在本研究中，通过基于立体光刻的4D打印开发了一种新型的多响应结构，其中应用了应力诱导形状转变的通用概念来实现4D重新编程。研究深入探讨了光诱导梯度内应力以及随后的溶剂诱导松弛，这一过程驱动了打印后编程结构的自主且可逆变化。此外，制造出的结构具有形状记忆特性，具备多种形状变化的特点。利用这种新型的多响应4D技术，在石墨烯混合4D结构上展示了概念验证型智能神经引导导管，该导管为神经再生提供了出色的多功能特性，包括物理引导、化学信号、动态自插管和无缝整合。通过采用这种制造技术、创建多响应智能结构以及展示应用潜力，这项工作为在各个高价值研究领域真正启动4D打印铺平了道路。
