Comparative medical Research Institute, Experimental Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Molecules. 2019 Mar 22;24(6):1149. doi: 10.3390/molecules24061149.
Estrogen deficiency after menopause is associated with autonomic nervous changes, leading to memory impairment and increased susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Royal jelly (RJ) from honeybees () has estrogenic activity. Here, we investigated whether RJ can improve behavior, cholinergic and autonomic nervous function in ovariectomized (OVX) cholesterol-fed rabbits. OVX rabbits on high-cholesterol diet were administered with RJ for 12 weeks. The results showed that RJ could significantly improve the behavioral deficits of OVX cholesterol-fed rabbits and image structure of the brain. RJ reduced body weight, blood lipid, as well as the levels of amyloid-beta (Aβ), acetylcholinesterase (AchE), and malonaldehyde (MDA) in the brain. Moreover, RJ also increased the activities of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the brain, and enhanced heart rate variability (HRV) and Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in OVX cholesterol-fed rabbits. Furthermore, RJ was also shown to reduce the content of Evans blue and the expression levels of Aβ, beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1(BACE1), and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), and increase the expression level of LDL(low density lipoprotein) receptor-related protein 1 (LRP-1) in the brain. Our findings suggested that RJ has beneficial effects in neurological disorders of postmenopausal women, which were associated with reducing cholesterol and Aβ deposition, enhancing the estrogen levels and the activities of cholinergic and antioxidant systems, and ameliorating the blood⁻brain barrier (BBB) permeability and restoring autonomic nervous system.
绝经后雌激素缺乏与自主神经变化有关，导致记忆力减退和阿尔茨海默病（AD）易感性增加。蜜蜂的蜂王浆（RJ）具有雌激素活性。在这里，我们研究了 RJ 是否可以改善去卵巢（OVX）高胆固醇饮食兔的行为、胆碱能和自主神经功能。用 RJ 处理 12 周的 OVX 高胆固醇饮食兔。结果表明，RJ 可显著改善 OVX 高胆固醇饮食兔的行为缺陷和大脑图像结构。RJ 降低了体重、血脂以及大脑中淀粉样β（Aβ）、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AchE）和丙二醛（MDA）的水平。此外，RJ 还增加了大脑中胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性，并增强了 OVX 高胆固醇饮食兔的心率变异性（HRV）和压力感受性反射（BRS）。此外，RJ 还降低了大脑中 Evans 蓝的含量以及 Aβ、β-位 APP 裂解酶 1（BACE1）和晚期糖基化终产物受体（RAGE）的表达水平，并增加了大脑中 LDL（低密 度脂蛋白）受体相关蛋白 1（LRP-1）的表达水平。我们的研究结果表明，RJ 对绝经后妇女的神经紊乱具有有益作用，这与降低胆固醇和 Aβ 沉积、增强雌激素水平和胆碱能及抗氧化系统活性、改善血脑屏障（BBB）通透性和恢复自主神经系统有关。
