Jones Lucas, Kumar Jessica, Mistry Adil, Sankar Chittoor Mana Thriveen, Perry George, Reddy V Prakash, Obrenovich Mark
Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Department of Molecular and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland OH 44106, USA.
Biomedicines. 2019 Mar 28;7(2):24. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines7020024.
The gut microbiota is extremely important for the health of the host across its lifespan.Recent studies have elucidated connections between the gut microbiota and neurological diseaseand disorders such as depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease (AD), autism, and a host of otherbrain illnesses. Dysbiosis of the normal gut flora can have negative consequences for humans,especially throughout key periods during our lifespan as the gut microbes change with age in bothphenotype and number of bacterial species. Neurologic diseases, mental disorders, and euthymicstates are influenced by alterations in the metabolites produced by gut microbial milieu. Weintroduce a new concept, namely, the mycobiota and microbiota-gut-brain neuroendocrine axis anddiscuss co-metabolism with emphasis on means to influence or correct disruptions to normal gutflora throughout the lifespan from early development to old age. These changes involveinflammation and involve the permeability of barriers, such as the intestine blood barrier, the blood⁻brain barrier, and others. The mycobiota and microbiota⁻gut⁻brain axis offer new research horizonsand represents a great potential target for new therapeutics, including approaches based aroundinflammatory disruptive process, genetically engineered drug delivery systems, diseased cellculling "kill switches", phage-like therapies, medicinal chemistry, or microbial parabiosis to namea few.
肠道微生物群对宿主一生的健康都极为重要。最近的研究阐明了肠道微生物群与神经疾病及紊乱之间的联系，如抑郁症、焦虑症、阿尔茨海默病（AD）、自闭症以及许多其他脑部疾病。正常肠道菌群的失调会对人类产生负面影响，尤其是在我们生命中的关键时期，因为肠道微生物的表型和细菌种类数量会随着年龄的增长而变化。神经系统疾病、精神障碍和情绪正常状态会受到肠道微生物环境产生的代谢产物变化的影响。我们引入了一个新概念，即真菌群与微生物群-肠道-脑神经内分泌轴，并讨论了共同代谢，重点是在从早期发育到老年的整个生命周期中影响或纠正正常肠道菌群破坏的方法。这些变化涉及炎症，并涉及肠道血屏障、血脑屏障等屏障的通透性。真菌群与微生物群-肠道-脑轴提供了新的研究视野，是新疗法的巨大潜在靶点，包括基于炎症破坏过程、基因工程药物递送系统、病变细胞剔除“杀伤开关”、噬菌体样疗法、药物化学或微生物共生等方法。
