College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK.
BMJ Open. 2019 Apr 4;9(4):e025813. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025813.
To explore lay understanding and perceptions of schizophrenia in university students.
Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis.
The University of Birmingham, West Midlands.
20 UK home students of white British (n=5), Indian (n=5), Pakistani (n=5), African Caribbean (n=4) and dual white British and African Caribbean ethnicity (n=1).
Findings revealed a lack of knowledge about schizophrenia, particularly the negative symptoms that were not mentioned. There were mixed ideas on the causes and sources of available help for schizophrenia; however, positively many said they would consult their general practitioner. While there was a general misconception among the students that schizophrenia caused multiple personalities and was a dangerous illness, there were some differences in perceptions and understanding between ethnic groups, with more Indian students perceiving upbringing as a causal factor in the development of the illness and more Pakistani students perceiving possession by a spirit as a cause.
The university students interviewed lacked knowledge about schizophrenia and stigma was widespread, both of which may delay help-seeking. Public health campaigns educating young people about schizophrenia are required to improve early identification and intervention and improve outcomes. Further research exploring ways to effectively tackle stigma is also required.
探索大学生对精神分裂症的基本理解和看法。
使用半结构式访谈和主题分析的定性研究。
西米德兰兹郡伯明翰大学。
20 名英国白人（n=5）、印度裔（n=5）、巴基斯坦裔（n=5）、非裔加勒比裔（n=4）和白人和非裔加勒比混血（n=1）的英国本土大学生。
研究结果表明，学生们对精神分裂症缺乏了解，特别是对未被提及的阴性症状知之甚少。对于精神分裂症的病因和可获得的治疗方法，学生们的看法不一；但他们中许多人表示会向家庭医生咨询。尽管学生们普遍存在精神分裂症会导致多重人格和是一种危险疾病的误解，但不同族裔群体之间的看法和理解存在差异，更多的印度裔学生认为成长环境是导致疾病发展的一个因素，而更多的巴基斯坦裔学生则认为是被神灵附身导致的。
接受访谈的大学生对精神分裂症缺乏了解，而且普遍存在污名化现象，这可能会导致他们寻求帮助的时间延迟。需要开展公共卫生宣传活动，向年轻人普及精神分裂症知识，以提高早期识别和干预能力，改善治疗效果。此外，还需要进一步研究探索有效解决污名化问题的方法。
