Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran, IR.
Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IR.
J Nutr. 2019 Apr 1;149(4):605-618. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxy310.
Conflicting findings on the effects of garlic supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers have been observed in randomized clinical trials (RCTs).
The aim of this study was to summarize study results regarding the effects of garlic supplementation on serum inflammatory biomarkers in adults.
We searched Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane library databases for relevant papers published until April 2018, using keywords such as "garlic" and "inflammatory biomarker." We included RCTs that 1) were conducted in adults, 2) examined the effects of garlic supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers compared to a control group, and 3) reported sufficient data on inflammatory biomarkers. Results were reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% CI using random effects models. Cochrane's Q and I-squared (I2) tests were used to determine heterogeneity among studies. Funnel plots and Egger's regression test were used to assess publication bias.
Sixteen RCTs were included. Garlic doses ranged from 12 to 3600 mg/d, and intervention duration ranged from 2 to 52 wk. Garlic administration significantly reduced serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (n = 13) (WMD: -0.61 mg/L, 95% CI: -1.12, -0.11, P = 0.018, I2 = 76.9%), IL-6 (n = 5) (WMD: -0.73 ng/L, 95% CI: -1.06, -0.40, P < 0.001, I2 = 0%), and TNF (n = 7) (WMD: -0.26 ng/L, 95% CI: -0.41, -0.12, P < 0.001, I2 = 0.0%), compared to controls. However, the effect of garlic supplementation on serum adiponectin (n = 3) (WMD: 0.18 µg/L, 95% CI: -0.21, 0.57, P = 0.35, I2 = 60.7%) and leptin (n = 2) (WMD: -1.25 µg/L, 95% CI: -2.64, 0.14, P = 0.07, I2 = 0.0%) concentrations were not significant.
In this meta-analysis of RCTs, we found that garlic supplementation reduced serum concentrations of CRP, TNF, IL-6, but did not affect serum adiponectin and leptin in adults. More RCTs are needed to test the effects of garlic supplementation on inflammation.
随机临床试验（RCT）中观察到大蒜补充剂对炎症生物标志物的影响存在矛盾的结果。
本研究旨在总结大蒜补充剂对成年人血清炎症生物标志物影响的研究结果。
我们在 Scopus、PubMed、Google Scholar 和 Cochrane 图书馆数据库中使用“garlic”和“inflammatory biomarker”等关键词搜索了截至 2018 年 4 月的相关文献。纳入了 1）在成年人中进行，2）比较了大蒜补充剂对炎症生物标志物的影响与对照组，3）报告了炎症生物标志物数据充足的 RCT。结果以随机效应模型报告为加权均数差（WMD）及 95%置信区间。使用 Cochrane's Q 和 I 平方（I2）检验来确定研究之间的异质性。使用漏斗图和 Egger 回归检验来评估发表偏倚。
纳入了 16 项 RCT。大蒜剂量范围为 12 至 3600mg/d，干预时间范围为 2 至 52 周。大蒜给药显著降低了血清 C 反应蛋白（CRP）（n=13）（WMD：-0.61mg/L，95%CI：-1.12，-0.11，P=0.018，I2=76.9%）、白细胞介素 6（IL-6）（n=5）（WMD：-0.73ng/L，95%CI：-1.06，-0.40，P<0.001，I2=0%）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）（n=7）（WMD：-0.26ng/L，95%CI：-0.41，-0.12，P<0.001，I2=0.0%），与对照组相比。然而，大蒜补充剂对血清脂联素（n=3）（WMD：0.18μg/L，95%CI：-0.21，0.57，P=0.35，I2=60.7%）和瘦素（n=2）（WMD：-1.25μg/L，95%CI：-2.64，0.14，P=0.07，I2=0.0%）浓度的影响不显著。
在这项 RCT 的荟萃分析中，我们发现大蒜补充剂降低了 CRP、TNF、IL-6 的血清浓度，但对成年人的血清脂联素和瘦素没有影响。需要更多的 RCT 来检验大蒜补充剂对炎症的影响。
