Departamento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud Montes Urales 800, Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, Ciudad de Mexico CP. 11000, Mexico.
Departamento de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Colonia Casco de Santo Tomas, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de Mexico CP. 11340, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Apr 5;16(7):1222. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16071222.
It has been proposed that, in the Mexican culture, family support can be a factor that contributes to protect the maternal and child health of pregnant adolescents. There may be complex associations between family support and the circumstances of a pregnancy during adolescence. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between the family support network (FSN) characteristic and the maternal and neonatal outcomes in Mexican adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and 352 pregnant adolescents participated; their FSN during pregnancy was assessed. The gestational weight gain and birth weight/length of newborns were registered. The size of the FSN was described and divided into quartiles; the main members for each quartile were identified. Then, sociodemographic and clinical variables were compared by FSN quartiles. Logistic regression models were performed to assess the association of FSN size and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Our results indicate that the mean age was 15 ± 1 year old. The primary support member in the FSN was the mother of the adolescent in each quartile, except for quartile 3, where the primary support was the mother-in-law. In quartile 3 there was a significantly lower gestational weight gain compared to quartile 4 (11.8 ± 5 vs. 13 ± 5 kg, = 0.054). According to the regression model, a higher risk of small for gestational age (OR 2.99, CI 95% 1.25⁻7.15) newborns was found in quartile 3. We conclude that the maternal and neonatal outcomes did not differ between quartiles of FSN size, except for quartile 3. Small for gestational age newborns were observed when a non-blood relative was present in the FSN. The quality rather than the network size might be more important for improving pregnancy outcomes.
有人提出，在墨西哥文化中，家庭支持可能是保护青少年孕妇母婴健康的一个因素。家庭支持与青少年怀孕的情况之间可能存在复杂的关联。本研究旨在分析家庭支持网络（FSN）特征与墨西哥青少年产妇和新生儿结局之间的关系。进行了一项横断面研究，共有 352 名孕妇参与；评估了她们在怀孕期间的 FSN。记录了妊娠期体重增加和新生儿的出生体重/长度。描述了 FSN 的规模并将其分为四分位数；确定了每个四分位数的主要成员。然后，根据 FSN 四分位数比较社会人口统计学和临床变量。进行逻辑回归模型以评估 FSN 大小与妊娠和新生儿结局的关联。我们的结果表明，平均年龄为 15±1 岁。在每个四分位数中，FSN 的主要支持成员都是青少年的母亲，除了四分位数 3，其中主要支持成员是婆婆。与四分位数 4 相比，四分位数 3 的妊娠期体重增加明显较低（11.8±5 与 13±5kg， = 0.054）。根据回归模型，发现四分位数 3 的新生儿小于胎龄儿的风险较高（OR 2.99，95%CI 1.25⁻7.15）。我们得出结论，除了四分位数 3 之外，FSN 大小的四分位数之间母婴结局没有差异。当 FSN 中存在非血缘亲属时，会观察到小于胎龄儿。提高妊娠结局的关键可能是网络质量，而不是网络规模。
