Institute of Optoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300350, China.
Small. 2019 Aug;15(32):e1900695. doi: 10.1002/smll.201900695. Epub 2019 Apr 11.
Synapses are essential to the transmission of nervous signals. Synaptic plasticity allows changes in synaptic strength that make a brain capable of learning from experience. During development of neuromorphic electronics, great efforts have been made to design and fabricate electronic devices that emulate synapses. Three-terminal artificial synapses have the merits of concurrently transmitting signals and learning. Inorganic and organic electronic synapses have mimicked plasticity and learning. Optoelectronic synapses and photonic synapses have the prospective benefits of low electrical energy loss, high bandwidth, and mechanical robustness. These artificial synapses provide new opportunities for the development of neuromorphic systems that can use parallel processing to manipulate datasets in real time. Synaptic devices have also been used to build artificial sensory systems. Here, recent progress in the development and application of three-terminal artificial synapses and artificial sensory systems is reviewed.
突触对于神经信号的传递至关重要。突触可塑性允许突触强度的变化，从而使大脑能够从经验中学习。在神经形态电子学的发展过程中，人们已经做出了巨大的努力来设计和制造模拟突触的电子设备。三端人工突触具有同时传输信号和学习的优点。无机和有机电子突触模拟了可塑性和学习。光电突触和光子突触具有低电能损耗、高带宽和机械鲁棒性的潜在优势。这些人工突触为开发能够使用并行处理实时处理数据集的神经形态系统提供了新的机会。突触器件还被用于构建人工感觉系统。在这里，回顾了三端人工突触和人工感觉系统的开发和应用的最新进展。
