Ortensi Livia Elisa, Menonna Alessio
1Department of Sociology and Social Research Building U7, University of Milan - Bicocca, Via Bicocca degli Arcimboldi, 8, 20126 Milan, Italy.
ISMU Foundation, Milan, Italy.
Eur J Popul. 2017 May 16;33(4):559-583. doi: 10.1007/s10680-017-9426-4. eCollection 2017 Oct.
Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a rising issue in western societies as a consequence of international migration. Our paper presents demography-driven projections of female flows with FGM/C from each practicing country to each EU28 member state for the 3 sub-periods 2016-2020, 2021-2025, and 2026-2030, with the aim of supporting resource planning and policy making. According to our projections, the EU28 countries will receive a flow of around 400,000 female migrants between 2016 and 2020, and around 1.3 million female migrants between 2016 and 2030 from FGM/C practicing countries. About one-third of them, corresponding to an estimated 127,000 between 2016 and 2020, and more than 400,000 between 2016 and 2030 will have undergone FGM/C before migration. Among these female flows, slightly more than 20% is expected to be made up of girls aged 0-14. According to the expected age at arrival, 20% of these girls are expected to have already undergone FGM/C, while slightly less than 10% are to be considered potentially at risk of undergoing FGM/C after migration. As the number of women with FGM/C in Europe is expected to rise at quite a fast rate, it is important to act timely by designing targeted interventions and policies at the national and at the European level to assist cut women and protect children. Such measures are particularly compelling in France, Italy, Spain, UK, and Sweden that are expected to be the most affected countries by migration from FGM/C practicing countries.
由于国际移民，女性生殖器切割在西方社会正成为一个日益突出的问题。我们的论文呈现了基于人口统计学的预测，即2016 - 2020年、2021 - 2025年以及2026 - 2030年这三个子时期内，每个实施女性生殖器切割的国家向欧盟28个成员国的女性流动情况，目的是为资源规划和政策制定提供支持。根据我们的预测，2016年至2020年期间，欧盟28国将接收约40万女性移民，2016年至2030年期间将接收约130万来自实施女性生殖器切割国家的女性移民。其中约三分之一，即在2016年至2020年期间估计有12.7万，2016年至2030年期间超过40万，在移民前已经接受了女性生殖器切割。在这些女性流动中，预计略多于20%将由0至14岁的女孩组成。根据预计抵达年龄，这些女孩中有20%预计已经接受了女性生殖器切割，而略少于10%被认为在移民后有可能面临接受女性生殖器切割的风险。由于欧洲接受过女性生殖器切割的女性数量预计将快速上升，通过在国家和欧洲层面设计有针对性的干预措施和政策来帮助受过切割的女性并保护儿童，及时采取行动非常重要。在法国、意大利、西班牙、英国和瑞典，这些措施尤为迫切，预计这些国家将是受来自实施女性生殖器切割国家移民影响最大的国家。
