School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Apr 3;20(7):1667. doi: 10.3390/ijms20071667.
Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (FTB) has been widely used as an antitussive herb for thousands of years in China. However, FTB's traditional uses, chemical compounds and pharmacological activities have not been systematically reviewed. This study aimed to review its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and toxicity. We searched the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine to explore the historical records which indicate that it acts to clear heat, resolve phlegm, relieve cough, remove toxicity and disperse abscesses and nodules. We searched 11 databases to identify potential phytochemical or pharmacological studies. Characteristics of its chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetic and toxicity were descriptively summarized. A total of 9706 studies were identified and 83 of them were included. As a result, 134 chemical constituents were identified, including 26 alkaloids, 29 compounds found in essential oils, 13 diterpenoids, two carbohydrates, two sterols, 18 amino acids, six nucleosides, four nucleobases, four fatty acids, three lignans, and 27 elements. Thirteen pharmacological effects of FTB were identified, including anti-cancer, tracheobronchial relaxation, antitussive, expectorant, anti-muscarinic, anti-inflammation, anti-thyroid, regulation of blood rheology, antiulcer, anti-diarrhea, pain suppression, antioxidation and neuroprotection. These pharmacological activities may be mainly attributed to the alkaloids in FTB. Further phytochemical, pharmacological and network pharmacological studies are recommended.
贝母（Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus，FTB）在中国作为镇咳草药已有数千年的历史。然而，贝母的传统用途、化学成分和药理活性尚未得到系统的综述。本研究旨在综述其传统用途、植物化学、药效学、药代动力学和毒性。我们查阅了《中药大辞典》，探讨了其清热化痰、止咳、解毒、消痈散结的历史记载。我们检索了 11 个数据库，以确定潜在的植物化学或药理学研究。描述性地总结了其化学成分、药理作用、药代动力学和毒性特征。共确定了 9706 项研究，其中 83 项被纳入。结果共鉴定出 134 种化学成分，包括 26 种生物碱、29 种挥发油化合物、13 种二萜、2 种碳水化合物、2 种固醇、18 种氨基酸、6 种核苷、4 种碱基、4 种脂肪酸、3 种木脂素和 27 种元素。贝母具有 13 种药理作用，包括抗癌、气管支气管松弛、镇咳、祛痰、抗毒蕈碱、抗炎、抗甲状腺、调节血液流变学、抗溃疡、抗腹泻、止痛、抗氧化和神经保护。这些药理作用可能主要归因于贝母中的生物碱。建议进一步开展植物化学、药理学和网络药理学研究。
