Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2019 May;196(2):155-156. doi: 10.1111/cei.13303.
In this two-part series of reviews, we have invited experts in their fields to contribute articles on the status of vaccine research and development for emerging pathogens. This topic has been brought into sharp focus in recent years following significant outbreaks of viral diseases such as those causing severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome, as well as devastating outbreaks of diseases caused by the Ebola, Marburg, Zika and Lassa fever viruses, to name only a few examples. Additionally, bacterial infections leading to bubonic and pneumonic plague, most notably in Madagascar in 2018, as well as malaria in many tropical countries, melioidosis in south east Asia and tularaemia in northern Europe and North America, have incurred significant morbidity and mortality. In this review series, the life cycle of these pathogens and the epidemiology of disease have been reviewed in the context of potential points of intervention for the prevention of human infection. Many of the emerging pathogens are zoonoses and, as such, there is scope for intervention at the animal/insect/environmental reservoir. Other pathogens covered in this review series are considered to be re-emerging, such as multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.
在这两部分系列评论中，我们邀请了各自领域的专家撰写有关新兴病原体疫苗研究和开发现状的文章。近年来，随着导致严重急性呼吸综合征和中东呼吸综合征等病毒性疾病以及埃博拉、马尔堡、寨卡和拉沙热病毒等疾病的毁灭性爆发，这一主题引起了人们的高度关注。此外，导致腺鼠疫和肺鼠疫的细菌性感染，尤其是 2018 年在马达加斯加，以及许多热带国家的疟疾、东南亚的类鼻疽和北欧和北美的土拉菌病，导致了大量的发病率和死亡率。在本系列评论中，这些病原体的生命周期和疾病的流行病学已在预防人类感染的潜在干预点的背景下进行了审查。许多新兴病原体是动物传染病，因此，在动物/昆虫/环境库中进行干预是有意义的。本系列评论中还讨论了其他被认为是重新出现的病原体，如耐多药结核病。
