A new postpartum syndrome associated with antiphospholipid antibodies.

Three women with antiphospholipid antibodies and a postpartum syndrome of pleuropulmonary disease, fever, and cardiac manifestations are presented. Each patient had either lupus anticoagulant or anticardiolipin antibodies or both, but did not have antinuclear antibodies or fulfill the criteria for the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. No infection or embolus was detected that could explain the pulmonary findings. All three patients had electrocardiographic abnormalities, and one patient developed a cardiomyopathy with extensive immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, and C3 deposition in the myocardium. In addition to the reported association between antiphospholipid antibodies and fetal loss, fetal growth retardation, and preeclampsia, we suggest that patients with antiphospholipid antibodies are at risk for a previously unreported and serious autoimmune postpartum syndrome.