Division of Disease Control and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Army Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2019 Apr 26;21(6):53. doi: 10.1007/s11912-019-0800-8.
The roles of the components of betel quid in oral carcinogenesis remain unclear. The purpose of the present review is to highlight the effect of each component of betel quid and to discuss the synergistic effects of other carcinogens along with betel quid in the development of oral cancer in habitual betel quid chewers.
Betel quid may synergistically participate in carcinogenesis by disrupting the compositions of oral microbiota, accompanied by endotoxins secretion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Microbiome dysbiosis mediated by synergistic effects of betel quid chewing, smoking, and alcohol drinking is possibly linked to oral carcinogenesis, which is firstly discussed in this report. Betel quid and other carcinogenic components, mainly contribute to downregulate the antioxidant proteins and lead to the induction of ROS. The elimination of ROS may prove most effective chemoprevention for betel quid-mediated oral carcinogenesis.
综述目的： 目前尚不清楚槟榔果各成分在口腔致癌过程中的作用。本综述的目的是强调槟榔果各成分的作用，并讨论习惯性咀嚼槟榔者中，槟榔果与其他致癌物共同作用在口腔癌发生发展中的协同效应。
最近发现： 槟榔果可能通过破坏口腔微生物群落组成，同时伴有内毒素释放和活性氧（ROS）产生，从而协同参与致癌作用。本报告首次提出，由咀嚼槟榔、吸烟和饮酒协同作用引起的微生物组失调可能与口腔癌变有关。槟榔果和其他致癌成分主要通过下调抗氧化蛋白，诱导 ROS 产生。消除 ROS 可能是槟榔果介导的口腔癌变最有效的化学预防手段。
