Tucker Richard P, Degen Martin
Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2019 Apr 12;7:53. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00053. eCollection 2019.
Tenascins are a family of multifunctional glycoproteins found in the extracellular matrix of chordates. Two of the tenascins, tenascin-C and tenascin-W, form hexabrachions. In this review, we describe the discovery and domain architecture of tenascin-W, its evolution and patterns of expression during embryogenesis and in tumors, and its effects on cells in culture. In avian and mammalian embryos tenascin-W is primarily expressed at sites of osteogenesis, and in the adult tenascin-W is abundant in certain stem cell niches. In primary cultures of osteoblasts tenascin-W promotes cell migration, the formation of mineralized foci and increases alkaline phosphatase activity. Tenascin-W is also prominent in many solid tumors, yet it is missing from the extracellular matrix of most adult tissues. This makes it a potential candidate for use as a marker of tumor stroma and a target for anti-cancer therapies.
腱生蛋白是一类在脊索动物细胞外基质中发现的多功能糖蛋白。其中两种腱生蛋白，腱生蛋白-C和腱生蛋白-W，形成六臂体。在本综述中，我们描述了腱生蛋白-W的发现及其结构域架构、其在胚胎发育和肿瘤中的进化及表达模式，以及其对培养细胞的影响。在鸟类和哺乳动物胚胎中，腱生蛋白-W主要在骨发生部位表达，在成体中，腱生蛋白-W在某些干细胞龛中含量丰富。在成骨细胞原代培养中，腱生蛋白-W促进细胞迁移、矿化灶形成并增加碱性磷酸酶活性。腱生蛋白-W在许多实体瘤中也很突出，但在大多数成年组织的细胞外基质中却不存在。这使其成为用作肿瘤基质标志物和抗癌治疗靶点的潜在候选物。
