Nhamo Godwell, Muchuru Shepherd
Institute for Corporate Citizenship, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
Jamba. 2019 Apr 9;11(1):644. doi: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.644. eCollection 2019.
Climate change has potential to affect human health in various ways. Extreme temperatures and cold both result in deaths, while the changing habitats favouring the breeding of vectors could result in the spread of diseases such as malaria, cholera and typhus. This article reviews climate change adaptation measures in the African public health sector. The evidence is drawn from National Communications of 21 countries as submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This article combines the literature review and grounded theory approaches with data obtained from the UNFCCC National Communications. Among key adaptation measures emerging from the work are weather-based forecasting and early warning systems, public education and awareness, putting in place appropriate policies, surveillance, research and monitoring as well as improving public health infrastructure and technology. The study recommends that African nations should commit to address health impacts of climate change through the implementation of appropriate adaptation measures.
气候变化有可能以多种方式影响人类健康。极端高温和严寒都会导致死亡,而有利于病媒繁殖的栖息地变化可能导致疟疾、霍乱和斑疹伤寒等疾病的传播。本文回顾了非洲公共卫生部门的气候变化适应措施。证据来自21个国家提交给《联合国气候变化框架公约》(UNFCCC)的国家信息通报。本文将文献综述和扎根理论方法与从《联合国气候变化框架公约》国家信息通报中获得的数据相结合。这项工作中出现的关键适应措施包括基于天气的预报和预警系统、公众教育和宣传、制定适当政策、监测、研究和监督,以及改善公共卫生基础设施和技术。该研究建议,非洲国家应致力于通过实施适当的适应措施来应对气候变化对健康的影响。