Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
J Genet Genomics. 2019 Apr 20;46(4):171-185. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2019.03.011. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
Most cellular processes descend into failure during aging. While a large collection of longevity pathways has been identified in the past decades, the mechanism for age-related decline of cellular homeostasis and organelle function remains largely unsolved. It is known that many organelles undergo structural and functional changes during normal aging, which significantly contributes to the decline of tissue function at old ages. Since recent studies have revealed an emerging role of organelles as regulatory hubs in maintaining cellular homeostasis, understanding of organelle aging will provide important insights into the cellular basis of organismal aging. Here we review current progress on the characterization of age-dependent structural and functional alterations in the more well-studied organelles, as well as the known mechanisms governing organelle aging in model organisms, with a special focus on the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.
大多数细胞过程在衰老过程中都会失效。尽管在过去几十年中已经确定了大量的长寿途径，但与年龄相关的细胞内稳态和细胞器功能下降的机制在很大程度上仍未得到解决。众所周知，许多细胞器在正常衰老过程中会发生结构和功能的变化，这对老年时组织功能的下降有重要贡献。由于最近的研究揭示了细胞器作为维持细胞内稳态的调节中心的新作用，因此对细胞器衰老的理解将为机体衰老的细胞基础提供重要的见解。在这里，我们回顾了目前对更广泛研究的细胞器中与年龄相关的结构和功能改变的特征描述，以及在模式生物中控制细胞器衰老的已知机制，特别关注黑腹果蝇 Drosophila melanogaster。
