Silva Danielle M, Costa Priscilla A DA, Ribon Andréa O B, Purgato Gislaine A, Gaspar Diaz-Muñoz, Diaz Marisa A N
Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas/ICEX, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2019 May 13;91(2):e20180117. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201920180117.
One manner in which plant-derived compounds exert their antibiotic potential is the synergism, a positive interaction between two compounds. Studies indicate that the use of plant extracts combined with antimicrobials may promote a significant reduction of the minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics for bacterial strains. This study aimed to evaluate the activity of plant extracts and antibiotics as well as their combination on Staphylococcus aureus. The activity of 15 plant extracts was evaluated using diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the interactions between the extracts and antibiotics as well as compound emodin were evaluated with the checkerboard method. The active extracts were a hexane extract of the leaves of Baccharis dracunculifolia and the ethanol extracts of the leaves of Plectranthus ornatus, Inga edulis, Salvia officinalis and Senna macranthera. The Plectranthus ornatus extract displayed synergism with ampicillin (a β-lactam), kanamycin and gentamicin (aminoglycosides), with 8-fold reductions in the MIC. The same reduction was observed for the extracts of Salvia officinalis and Senna macranthera, which displayed the lowest MIC. Using these combinations resulted in a reduction in the minimum dose required for effective antimicrobial effects, which is interesting because it may decrease both the risk of side effects and the costs of treatment.
植物源化合物发挥其抗生素潜力的一种方式是协同作用，即两种化合物之间的正向相互作用。研究表明，将植物提取物与抗菌剂联合使用可能会显著降低细菌菌株对抗生素的最低抑菌浓度。本研究旨在评估植物提取物、抗生素及其组合对金黄色葡萄球菌的活性。采用扩散法评估了15种植物提取物的活性。采用棋盘法评估提取物与抗生素以及化合物大黄素之间的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和相互作用。活性提取物为龙蒿叶的己烷提取物以及齿叶香茶菜、可食印加树、药用鼠尾草和大花番泻叶的乙醇提取物。齿叶香茶菜提取物与氨苄西林（一种β-内酰胺类抗生素）、卡那霉素和庆大霉素（氨基糖苷类抗生素）表现出协同作用，MIC降低了8倍。药用鼠尾草和大花番泻叶提取物也观察到了相同程度的降低，它们的MIC最低。使用这些组合可降低有效抗菌作用所需的最小剂量，这一点很有意思，因为它可能会降低副作用风险和治疗成本。
