人格与智力的关系——布伦斯维克对称原理能告诉我们什么？
The Relation of Personality and Intelligence-What Can the Brunswik Symmetry Principle Tell Us?
作者信息
Kretzschmar André, Spengler Marion, Schubert Anna-Lena, Steinmayr Ricarda, Ziegler Matthias
机构信息
Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Tübingen, Europastraße 6, 72072 Tübingen, Germany.
Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstrasse 47-51, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
出版信息
J Intell. 2018 Jul 3;6(3):30. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence6030030.
Personality and intelligence are defined as hierarchical constructs, ranging from broad -factors to (domain-)specific constructs. The present study investigated whether different combinations of hierarchical levels lead to different personality-intelligence correlations. Based on the integrative data analysis approach, we combined a total of five data sets. The focus of the first study ( = 682) was an elaborated measurement of personality (NEO-PI-R), which was applied with a relatively short intelligence test (Intelligence Structure Test 2000 R). In the second study ( = 413), a comprehensive measurement of intelligence (Berlin Intelligence Structure test) was used with a shorter personality questionnaire (NEO-FFI). In line with the Brunswik symmetry principle, the findings emphasize that personality-intelligence correlations varied greatly across the hierarchical levels of constructs considered in the analysis. On average, Openness showed the largest relation with intelligence. We recommend for future studies to investigate personality-intelligence relations at more fine-grained levels based on elaborated measurements of both personality and intelligence.
人格和智力被定义为层次结构，从宽泛因素到（领域）特定结构。本研究调查了层次水平的不同组合是否会导致不同的人格 - 智力相关性。基于整合数据分析方法，我们总共合并了五个数据集。第一项研究（n = 682）的重点是对人格进行详尽测量（NEO-PI-R），并应用了相对简短的智力测试（智力结构测试2000 R）。在第二项研究（n = 413）中，使用了对智力的综合测量（柏林智力结构测试）以及较短的人格问卷（NEO-FFI）。符合布伦斯维克对称原则，研究结果强调，在分析中考虑的结构层次水平上，人格 - 智力相关性差异很大。平均而言，开放性与智力的关系最为显著。我们建议未来的研究基于对人格和智力的详尽测量，在更精细的水平上研究人格 - 智力关系。
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