Desert Agriculture and Ecosystems Program (DAEP), KISR, Safat 13109, KUWAIT.
Biotechnology Program, KISR, Safat 13109, KUWAIT.
Poult Sci. 2019 Oct 1;98(10):4465-4479. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez282.
The prolonged use of antibiotics has led to the development of resistant bacteria and also led to accumulation of antibiotic residue in the poultry feed, this ultimately led to the prohibition of antibiotics as growth enhancers in animal production. Thus, there was a dire need for alternate sources to help in poultry production. Recently, probiotics and prebiotics claimed to be effective alternatives to antibiotics in the poultry. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of different probiotics and prebiotics on the performance of broilers. The study involved 2 broiler cycles, 1 during winter and 1 during summer with a total of 425 1-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks for each cycle. They were allotted to 5 experimental treatments. The probiotics were Bacillus coagulans (1 g/kg dried culture) and Lactobacillus (1 g/kg dried culture of 12 commercial strains). The prebiotics included fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) (5 g/kg) and mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (5 g/kg). The results showed that there was no effect of the different probiotics and prebiotics on the production performance of broilers. There was increased weight of the thymus in the control group. In cycle 1, the panelists indicated that the smell, color, taste, and texture of the cooked meat were acceptable, and that there were no significant differences between the different groups. There was no significant effect of the different diets on the biochemical parameters of the blood among the experimental groups at 3- and 5-wk of age. Phytohaemaglutinin test showed that dietary FOS and MOS induced higher cellular response than the other treatments (P = 0.04) in the first cycle. In the second cycle, the results revealed that dietary FOS induced higher cellular response than the other treatments (P = 0.019). The used experimental treatments have a positive effect on microbial count in 5-week-old broilers. There was no Salmonella sp. recorded using the experimental treatments in the first cycle, and the growth of E. coli was reduced significantly. In the second cycle, all treatments in 3-week-old broilers did not affect the count of both lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and E. coli. At 5-week-old of the same cycle, the bacterial count of E. coli increased even with control, whereas Salmonella growth was inhibited. The pH value was driven toward acidity in all of the treatments. Probiotics and prebiotics can be used in chicken feed safely and without any adverse effects on the productive parameters and immune status of the flock.
抗生素的长期使用导致了耐药菌的产生，并在禽饲料中积累了抗生素残留，这最终导致了抗生素在动物生产中作为生长促进剂的禁用。因此，迫切需要替代品来帮助家禽生产。最近，益生菌和益生元被声称是抗生素在禽类中的有效替代品。本研究的目的是研究不同益生菌和益生元对肉鸡生产性能的影响。研究涉及 2 个肉鸡周期，1 个在冬季，1 个在夏季，每个周期共有 425 只 1 日龄的科布 500 肉鸡雏鸡。它们被分配到 5 个实验处理中。益生菌包括凝结芽孢杆菌（1g/kg 干培养物）和乳杆菌（12 种商业菌株 1g/kg 干培养物）。益生元包括果寡糖（FOS）（5g/kg）和源自酿酒酵母的甘露寡糖（MOS）（5g/kg）。结果表明，不同益生菌和益生元对肉鸡的生产性能没有影响。对照组的胸腺重量增加。在第 1 个周期中，评审员表示，煮熟的肉的气味、颜色、味道和质地都可以接受，不同组之间没有显著差异。在 3 周和 5 周龄时，不同日粮对实验组血液生化参数没有显著影响。植物血凝素试验表明，在第 1 个周期中，日粮 FOS 和 MOS 诱导的细胞反应高于其他处理（P=0.04）。在第 2 个周期中，结果表明，日粮 FOS 诱导的细胞反应高于其他处理（P=0.019）。使用的实验处理对 5 周龄肉鸡的微生物计数有积极影响。在第 1 个周期中，使用实验处理未记录到沙门氏菌，大肠杆菌的生长显著减少。在第 2 个周期中，3 周龄肉鸡的所有处理均不影响乳酸菌（LAB）和大肠杆菌的计数。在同一周期的 5 周龄时，即使在对照组中，大肠杆菌的细菌计数也增加了，而沙门氏菌的生长受到抑制。pH 值向所有处理的酸性方向发展。益生菌和益生元可以安全地用于鸡饲料中，并且对禽类的生产性能和免疫状态没有任何不良影响。
