中国中部地区普通人群中吸烟者和不吸烟者的睡眠质量。
Sleep quality in cigarette smokers and nonsmokers: findings from the general population in central China.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2019 Jun 24;19(1):808. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6929-4.
BACKGROUND
Sleep problems are common in the general population. Cigarette smoking is common in the general population of China. Examinations of the prevalence of poor sleep quality among Chinese smokers and nonsmokers are still lacking. This study was designed to examine sleep quality and sleep disturbances among cigarette smokers and nonsmokers in the general population in central China.
METHODS
In this population-based sampling project, we used a multi-stage sampling method to recruit survey participants from September 2012 to October 2012 in rural and urban areas of Hunan province, China. A total of 27,300 subjects were sampled from the general population and 26,282 completed the self-report of cigarette smoking characteristics. Cigarette smoker was defined as having smoked ≥100 cigarette in a lifetime and smoked during the last 28 days. Cigarette smoking characteristics were obtained from smokers, including cigarettes per day, years of smoking, quit attempts, and smoking cravings. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was applied to assess quality of sleep and sleep disturbances (PSQI score > 5).
RESULTS
Significantly more smokers than nonsmokers demonstrated poor sleep quality and sleep disturbances. Among smokers, linear regression analyses showed that poor sleep was inversely associated with cigarettes per day, and positively associated with years of smoking, quit attempts, and smoking craving. Logistic regression analysis showed that quit attempts and smoking cravings were associated with higher odds of sleep disturbances.
CONCLUSIONS
Sleep disturbances were more prevalent among cigarette smokers than nonsmokers. Smokers also varied in sleep problems on the basis of the characteristics of their smoking. Smokers should be informed about the link between cigarette smoking and poor sleep quality, and should be advised that one of several important health benefits from smoking cessation could be the improvement of sleep quality. Sleep therapy should be recommended as an adjunctive treatment for smoking cessation.
背景
睡眠问题在普通人群中很常见。在中国普通人群中，吸烟也很常见。目前仍缺乏对中国烟民和非烟民睡眠质量不佳的患病率的研究。本研究旨在调查中国中部地区普通人群中烟民和非烟民的睡眠质量和睡眠障碍情况。
方法
在这项基于人群的抽样研究中，我们采用多阶段抽样方法，于 2012 年 9 月至 10 月在湖南省的农村和城市地区招募调查参与者。从普通人群中抽取了 27300 名受试者，其中 26282 名完成了关于吸烟特征的自我报告。吸烟者被定义为一生中吸烟≥100 支香烟且在过去 28 天内吸烟的人。吸烟特征由吸烟者提供，包括每天吸烟支数、吸烟年数、戒烟尝试和吸烟渴望。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评估睡眠质量和睡眠障碍（PSQI 得分＞5）。
结果
与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者睡眠质量差和睡眠障碍的比例明显更高。在吸烟者中，线性回归分析显示，睡眠质量差与每天吸烟支数呈负相关，与吸烟年数、戒烟尝试和吸烟渴望呈正相关。Logistic 回归分析显示，戒烟尝试和吸烟渴望与睡眠障碍的发生几率增加有关。
结论
与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者睡眠障碍更为常见。吸烟者的吸烟特征也与其睡眠问题的严重程度相关。应告知吸烟者吸烟与睡眠质量差之间的关联，并建议其吸烟的一个重要健康益处之一可能是改善睡眠质量。应推荐睡眠疗法作为戒烟的辅助治疗。
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