College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA.
J Med Food. 2019 Aug;22(8):861-873. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2019.0009. Epub 2019 Jun 26.
Plant extracts are gaining more attention as therapeutic agents against inflammation. In this study, four different widely used herbals were selected, such as holy basil leaf, sesame seed, long pepper, and cubeb pepper. We have evaluated the anti-inflammatory action of an aqueous extract from these herbs and tested their effects on monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). MDMs were pre-treated with these extracts individually for 2 h, followed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation for 24 h and pro-inflammatory gene expression was analyzed. Also, we studied the effect of these extracts on the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by enzymatic (Myeloperoxidase) and non-enzymatic (copper) reactions. All extracts attenuated LPS-induced inflammation and also were able to inhibit the oxidation of LDL. These beneficial actions of extracts led us to identify molecules present in the extracts. A liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometric analysis was performed to identify the chemical composition of extracts. Wide range of molecules were identified across all the extracts, short-chain organic acids, phenolic acids and derivatives, piperine and its structural homologues, eugenol, rosmarinic acid, flavonoids and their glucosides, and others. This study opens a door for future studies on non-pharmacological natural therapeutics that will be useful for consumers and producers, as well as industries utilizing bioactive compounds.
植物提取物作为治疗炎症的药物越来越受到关注。在这项研究中，选择了四种广泛使用的草药，如圣罗勒叶、芝麻、荜澄茄和胡椒。我们评估了这些草药的水提物的抗炎作用，并测试了它们对单核细胞衍生的巨噬细胞（MDMs）的影响。MDMs 先用这些提取物单独预处理 2 小时，然后用脂多糖（LPS）刺激 24 小时，分析促炎基因的表达。此外，我们研究了这些提取物对低密度脂蛋白（LDL）氧化的影响，包括酶（髓过氧化物酶）和非酶（铜）反应。所有提取物均能减轻 LPS 诱导的炎症，同时也能抑制 LDL 的氧化。这些提取物的有益作用促使我们鉴定提取物中存在的分子。进行了液相色谱-高分辨质谱分析，以鉴定提取物的化学成分。在所有提取物中都鉴定出了广泛的分子，包括短链有机酸、酚酸及其衍生物、胡椒碱及其结构类似物、丁香酚、迷迭香酸、类黄酮及其糖苷，以及其他物质。这项研究为未来的非药物天然疗法研究开辟了道路，这将对消费者和生产者以及利用生物活性化合物的行业都有帮助。
