Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Service Unit for Analytical, Instrumental and Microbiological Techniques (USTA) of Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2019 Jul 5;11(7):1533. doi: 10.3390/nu11071533.
Fruits and vegetables are pivotal for a healthy diet due partly to their content in bioactive compounds. It is for this reason that we conducted a parallel study to unravel the possible effect on cardiometabolic parameters of the ingestion of anthocyanins, xanthophylls, or both groups of bioactives together in postmenopausal women. Seventy-two postmenopausal women were randomized into an 8-month parallel study: a group consuming 60 mg/day anthocyanins (Group A), a group consuming 6 mg lutein and 2 mg zeaxanthin per day (Group X), and a third group consuming a combination of anthocyanins and xanthophylls in the same amounts (Group A+X). Non-targeted metabolomic analysis was done in plasma samples at baseline and after the 8-month intervention by HPLC-QTOF-MS. Inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardiometabolic parameters were measured at the beginning of the study and after 4 and 8-months intervention. Compared with baseline values, none of the 8-month treatments significantly ( < 0.05) changed systolic or diastolic blood pressure (BP), plasma C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. Only plasma glucose levels were significantly decreased by treatment A+X after 8 months, and the plasma metabolomic profile was clearly affected by all three dietary supplementations after 8 months. In parallel, there was an increase, also for the three groups, in the plasma ferric reducing antioxidant power value that did not show any synergistic effect between the two groups of bioactives. Postmenopausal women could benefit from an increase in anthocyanins and xanthophylls intake, through the consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in these two types of compounds. Accordingly, plasma glucose and, above all, the reducing power in plasma, could be improved.
水果和蔬菜对健康饮食至关重要，部分原因是它们含有生物活性化合物。基于此，我们进行了一项平行研究，以探究绝经后女性摄入花青素、叶黄素或这两组生物活性物质混合物对心血管代谢参数的可能影响。72 名绝经后女性被随机分为 8 个月的平行研究组：一组每天摄入 60 毫克花青素（A 组），一组每天摄入 6 毫克叶黄素和 2 毫克玉米黄质（X 组），第三组摄入相同量的花青素和叶黄素混合物（A+X 组）。在基线和 8 个月干预后，通过 HPLC-QTOF-MS 对血浆样本进行非靶向代谢组学分析。在研究开始时以及 4 个月和 8 个月干预后测量了炎症、抗氧化和心血管代谢参数。与基线值相比，8 个月的治疗均未显著（<0.05）改变收缩压或舒张压（BP）、血浆 C 反应蛋白、白细胞介素 6、血管细胞黏附分子 1、细胞间黏附分子 1、单核细胞趋化蛋白 1 或基质金属蛋白酶 2 和 9。只有 A+X 组在 8 个月后显著降低了血浆葡萄糖水平，并且三种膳食补充剂在 8 个月后均明显影响了血浆代谢组学特征。平行地，三组的血浆铁还原抗氧化能力值均增加，而这两种生物活性物质之间没有表现出任何协同作用。绝经后女性可以通过增加富含这两种化合物的水果和蔬菜的摄入量来获益，从而改善血浆葡萄糖水平，尤其是改善血浆的还原能力。
