Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Universidad de Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain.
PLoS One. 2019 Jul 10;14(7):e0219609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219609. eCollection 2019.
It was recently proposed that healthy orthorexia (HeOr) and orthorexia nervosa (OrNe) should be differentiated. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether the two dimensions of orthorexia can be considered new eating styles or basically equivalent to restrained eating behavior. Two samples of university students (sample 1, n = 460; sample 2, n = 509) completed the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS), the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Factor analysis with the TOS and DEBQ items together revealed an adequate fit for the preexisting five-factor solution (TOS: OrNe and HeOr; DEBQ: Restrained Eating, Emotional Eating, and External Eating). This result points out that these factors are conceptually distinguishable. Moreover, we tested whether the different eating styles presented different patterns of correlations with gender, body mass index (BMI), and age, and whether OrNe and HeOr predicted Positive and Negative Affect after controlling for Restrained, Emotional, and External Eating. Whereas Restrained and Emotional Eating were higher for women and increased with BMI in both samples, HeOr and OrNe presented much lower associations with these variables. OrNe was positively related to Negative Affect and negatively to Positive Affect, whereas HeOr was positively related to Positive Affect. Again, this result supports the assumption that OrNe is a new variant of disordered eating, whereas HeOr could possibly be seen as a protective behavior.
最近有人提出，健康的饮食强迫症（HeOr）和饮食强迫症（OrNe）应该加以区分。本研究的目的是分析饮食强迫症的两个维度是否可以被视为新的饮食方式，或者基本上等同于克制的饮食行为。两个大学生样本（样本 1，n=460；样本 2，n=509）完成了特鲁埃尔饮食强迫症量表（TOS）、荷兰饮食行为问卷（DEBQ）和正性和负性情绪量表（PANAS）。使用 TOS 和 DEBQ 项目进行的因素分析显示，现有的五因素解决方案（TOS：OrNe 和 HeOr；DEBQ：克制饮食、情绪饮食和外部饮食）具有较好的适配度。这一结果表明这些因素在概念上是可区分的。此外，我们还测试了不同的饮食方式是否与性别、体重指数（BMI）和年龄呈现不同的相关模式，以及在控制了克制、情绪和外部饮食之后，OrNe 和 HeOr 是否可以预测正性和负性情绪。虽然在两个样本中，女性的克制饮食和情绪饮食更高，并且 BMI 越高，这些饮食方式也越高，但 HeOr 和 OrNe 与这些变量的关联要低得多。OrNe 与负性情绪呈正相关，与正性情绪呈负相关，而 HeOr 与正性情绪呈正相关。这一结果再次支持了这样的假设，即 OrNe 是一种新的饮食失调变体，而 HeOr 可能被视为一种保护行为。
