Grillo Calogero, La Mantia Ignazio, Zappala Graziano, Cocuzza Salvatore, Ciprandi Giorgio, Andaloro Claudio
Otolayngology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Acta Biomed. 2019 Jul 10;90(7-S):52-59. doi: 10.23750/abm.v90i7-S.8661.
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is associated with a wide range of oral manifestations, including adeno-tonsillar hypertrophy, narrow dentoalveolar width, increased overjet, reduced overbite, and malocclusion. There are no studies about the relationship between SDB and poor oral health in the pediatric population. The aim of this study was to investigate oral health status and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children at risk of SDB (SDB+), compared with a control group, not at risk for SDB (SDB). The current cross-sectional study recruited consecutive children, aged between 8 and 17 years, from a university-based dental clinic. Caregivers completed the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) to stratify risk of SDB. Both children and caregivers completed the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) to measure the OHRQoL. A dental exam was conducted to evaluate dental caries, periodontal status, oropharyngeal characteristics, and dental occlusion. DMFS (decay-missing-filled for permanent teeth), dmfs (for primary teeth), PPD (pocket probing depth), parent COHIP score, child COHIP score, and BOP (bleeding on probing) were compared between children SDB+ and SDB-. In this study, 122 children were enrolled and divided into two equal subgroups (61 each). There was a significant association between SDB and all six outcomes (all p < 0.05) with higher values in SDB+ children. SDB+ was associated with a poorer OHRQoL, and a greater COHIP score for both parents and children. In conclusion, the current study suggests that the impact of SDB on oral health and OHRQoL in children is relevant and far-reaching. Therefore, it is necessary to closely monitor the oral health of SDB+ children, and, if appropriate, to use gentle non-pharmacological treatments able to reduce nasal congestion.
睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）与多种口腔表现相关，包括腺样体扁桃体肥大、牙槽嵴宽度变窄、覆盖增加、覆牙合减小和错牙合。目前尚无关于儿童人群中SDB与口腔健康不良之间关系的研究。本研究的目的是调查有SDB风险的儿童（SDB+）与无SDB风险的对照组儿童（SDB-）的口腔健康状况和口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）。本横断面研究从一家大学牙科诊所连续招募了年龄在8至17岁之间的儿童。照顾者完成了儿童睡眠问卷（PSQ）以对SDB风险进行分层。儿童和照顾者均完成了儿童口腔健康影响量表（COHIP）以测量OHRQoL。进行了牙科检查以评估龋齿、牙周状况、口咽特征和牙合情况。比较了SDB+组和SDB-组儿童的恒牙龋失补牙数（DMFS）、乳牙龋失补牙数（dmfs）、牙周袋探诊深度（PPD）、照顾者COHIP评分、儿童COHIP评分和探诊出血（BOP）。在本研究中，共纳入122名儿童并将其平均分为两个亚组（每组61名）。SDB与所有六项结果均存在显著关联（所有p<0.05），SDB+组儿童的各项结果值更高。SDB+与较差的OHRQoL相关，并且照顾者和儿童的COHIP评分更高。总之，本研究表明SDB对儿童口腔健康和OHRQoL的影响是相关且深远的。因此，有必要密切监测SDB+儿童的口腔健康，并在适当情况下采用能够减轻鼻充血的温和非药物治疗方法。
