Arguelles-Prieto Raquel, Bonmati-Carrion Maria-Angeles, Rol Maria Angeles, Madrid Juan Antonio
Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
Front Physiol. 2019 Jun 26;10:822. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00822. eCollection 2019.
During last decades, the way of life in modern societies has deeply modified the temporal adjustment of the circadian system, mainly due to the inappropriate use of artificial lighting and the high prevalence of social jet-lag. Therefore, it becomes necessary to design non-invasive and practical tools to monitor circadian marker rhythms but also its main synchronizer, the light-dark cycle under free-living conditions. The aim of this work was to improve the ambulatory circadian monitoring device (ACM, Kronowise) capabilities by developing an algorithm that allows to determine light intensity, timing and circadian light stimulation by differentiating between full visible, infrared and circadian light, as well as to discriminate between different light sources (natural and artificial with low and high infrared composition) in subjects under free living conditions. The ACM device is provided with three light sensors: (i) a wide-spectrum sensor (380-1100 nm); (ii) an infrared sensor (700-1100 nm) and (iii) a sensor equipped with a blue filter that mimics the sensitivity curve of the melanopsin photopigment and the melatonin light suppression curve. To calibrate the ACM device, different commercial light sources and sunlight were measured at four different standardized distances with both a spectroradiometer (SPR) and the ACM device. CIE S 026/E:2018 (2018), toolbox software was used to calculate the melanopic stimulation from data recorded by SPR. Although correlation between raw data of luminance measured by ACM and SPR was strong for both full spectrum ( = 0.946, < 0.0001) and circadian channel ( = 0.902, < 0.0001), even stronger correlations were obtained when light sources were clustered in three groups: natural, infrared-rich artificial light and infrared-poor artificial light, and their corresponding linear correlations with SPR were considered ( = 0.997, < 0.0001 and = 0.998, < 0.0001, respectively). Our results show that the ACM device provided with three light sensors and the algorithm developed here allow an accurate detection of light type, intensity and timing for full visible and circadian light, with simultaneous monitoring of several circadian marker rhythms that will open the possibility to explore light synchronization in population groups while they maintain their normal lifestyle.
在过去几十年里，现代社会的生活方式深刻改变了昼夜节律系统的时间调节，主要原因是人工照明的不当使用以及社会时差的高发生率。因此，有必要设计非侵入性且实用的工具来监测昼夜节律标记物节律，以及其主要同步器——自由生活条件下的明暗周期。这项工作的目的是通过开发一种算法来提高动态昼夜监测设备（ACM，Kronowise）的能力，该算法能够通过区分全可见光、红外线和昼夜光来确定光强度、时间和昼夜光刺激，同时在自由生活条件下的受试者中区分不同的光源（具有低和高红外线成分的自然光源和人工光源）。ACM设备配备了三个光传感器：（i）一个宽光谱传感器（380 - 1100纳米）；（ii）一个红外线传感器（700 - 1100纳米）；（iii）一个配备蓝色滤光片的传感器，该滤光片模仿黑视蛋白光色素的灵敏度曲线和褪黑素光抑制曲线。为了校准ACM设备，使用光谱辐射计（SPR）和ACM设备在四个不同的标准距离测量了不同的商业光源和阳光。使用CIE S 026/E:2018（2018）工具箱软件根据SPR记录的数据计算黑素刺激。尽管ACM测量的亮度原始数据与SPR之间在全光谱（r = 0.946，P < 0.0001）和昼夜通道（r = 0.902，P < 0.0001）方面的相关性都很强，但当光源分为三组：自然光源、富含红外线的人工光源和红外线含量低的人工光源，并考虑它们与SPR的相应线性相关性时，获得了更强的相关性（分别为r = 0.997，P < 0.0001和r = 0.998，P < 0.0001）。我们的结果表明，配备三个光传感器的ACM设备以及这里开发的算法能够准确检测全可见光和昼夜光的光类型、强度和时间，同时监测多个昼夜节律标记物节律，可以在人群保持正常生活方式的同时探索光同步的可能性。
