Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, MS 79079-900 Campo Grande, Brazil.
Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, MS 79079-900 Campo Grande, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2019 Jul 16;11(7):1608. doi: 10.3390/nu11071608.
L. is a well-known fruit worldwide, and its highest production occurs in tropical and subtropical regions. The pulp contains vitamins A, C, and E, B complex vitamins, such as pantothenic acid and folate, and minerals, such as magnesium and potassium, as well as food fibers. Phenolic compounds, such as benzyl isothiocyanate, glucosinolates, tocopherols (α and δ), β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene and carotenoids, are found in the seeds. The oil extracted from the seed principally presents oleic fatty acid followed by palmitic, linoleic and stearic acids, whereas the leaves have high contents of food fibers and polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, pro-anthocyanins, tocopherol, and benzyl isothiocyanate. Studies demonstrated that the nutrients present in its composition have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system, protecting it against cardiovascular illnesses and preventing harm caused by free radicals. It has also been reported that it aids in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and in the reduction of cholesterol levels. Thus, both the pulp and the other parts of the plant (leaves and seeds) present antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic actions, which, in turn, can contribute to the prevention and treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
莱菔（L.）在全世界范围内广为人知，其最高产量出现在热带和亚热带地区。果肉含有维生素 A、C 和 E、B 族复合维生素，如泛酸和叶酸，以及矿物质，如镁和钾，以及膳食纤维。种子中还含有酚类化合物，如苄基异硫氰酸酯、硫代葡萄糖苷、生育酚（α 和 δ）、β-隐黄质、β-胡萝卜素和类胡萝卜素。从种子中提取的油主要含有油酸脂肪酸，其次是棕榈酸、亚油酸和硬脂酸，而叶子则含有高膳食纤维和多酚类化合物、类黄酮、皂苷、原花青素、生育酚和苄基异硫氰酸酯。研究表明，其成分中存在的营养物质对心血管系统有益，可预防心血管疾病并防止自由基造成的伤害。此外，还有报道称其有助于治疗糖尿病和降低胆固醇水平。因此，果肉和植物的其他部分（叶子和种子）都具有抗氧化、抗高血压、降血糖和降血脂的作用，这反过来又可以有助于预防和治疗肥胖症及其相关代谢紊乱。
