Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran.
Biosensors (Basel). 2019 Jul 9;9(3):86. doi: 10.3390/bios9030086.
An immunosensor is a kind of affinity biosensor based on interactions between an antigen and specific antigen immobilized on a transducer surface. Immunosensors possess high selectivity and sensitivity due to the specific binding between antibody and corresponding antigen, making them a suitable platform for several applications especially in the medical and bioanalysis fields. Electrochemical immunosensors rely on the measurements of an electrical signal recorded by an electrochemical transducer and can be classed as amperometric, potentiometric, conductometric, or impedimetric depending on the signal type. Among the immunosensors, electrochemical immunosensors have been more perfected due to their simplicity and, especially their ability to be portable, and for in situ or automated detection. This review addresses the potential of immunosensors destined for application in clinical analysis, especially cancer biomarker diagnosis. The emphasis is on the approaches used to fabricate electrochemical immunosensors. A general overview of recent applications of the developed electrochemical immunosensors in the clinical approach is described.
免疫传感器是一种基于抗原与固定在传感器表面的特定抗原之间相互作用的亲和生物传感器。由于抗体与相应抗原之间的特异性结合，免疫传感器具有高选择性和灵敏度，因此它们是几种应用的合适平台，特别是在医学和生物分析领域。电化学免疫传感器依赖于电化学换能器记录的电信号的测量，并可根据信号类型分为安培计、电位计、电导计或阻抗计。在免疫传感器中，由于其简单性，特别是其便携性以及用于原位或自动化检测的能力，电化学免疫传感器得到了更完善的发展。本综述介绍了应用于临床分析的免疫传感器的潜力，特别是癌症生物标志物的诊断。重点介绍了用于制备电化学免疫传感器的方法。描述了开发的电化学免疫传感器在临床方法中的最新应用的概述。
