Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências e Fisiopatologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2019 Nov 15;244:112095. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112095. Epub 2019 Jul 17.
Zingiber officinale (ginger) is a perennial herbaceous plant native in tropical Asia and generally cultivated in most American tropical countries with widespread use in popular medicine. Ginger essential oil (GEO) has been reported to exhibit several biological activities, such as antimicrobial.
The aim of this study was to determine the composition and the property of GEO and related fractions against Mtb and NTM, as well as their cytotoxicity.
GEO was obtained by hydrodistillation and fractionation was performed. Chemical characterization of GEO and fractions were carried out by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The antimycobacterial activity was evaluated by resazurin microtiter assay plate and broth microdilution method for Mtb and NTM, respectively. The cytotoxicity in Vero cells was assessed by MTT colorimetric assay.
The analyses showed 63 compounds in the GEO sample, characterized by a high number of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. GEO fractionation rendered 11 fractions (FR1 to FR11). GEO and fractions minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 31.25 to >250 μg/mL against Mtb and from 15.6 to >250 μg/mL against NTM. GEO showed better activity against NTM, M. chelonae, and M. abscessus sub. massiliense, than the semi-pure fractions. One fraction (FR5), containing γ-eudesmol as the main compound, was the most active against Mtb and NTM. The GEO and semi-pure fractions cytotoxicity assay showed CC 63.3 μg/mL, and 36.3-312.5 μg/mL, respectively.
In general, GEO showed a mix of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes and a better antimycobacterial activity than the semi-pure fractions. Cytotoxic effects of GEO and its fractions should be better investigated.
姜（生姜）是一种原产于热带亚洲的多年生草本植物，通常在大多数美洲热带国家种植，并广泛用于民间医学。生姜精油（GEO）已被报道具有多种生物活性，如抗菌作用。
本研究旨在确定 GEO 及其相关馏分的组成和性质，以及它们对结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）和非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）的抗菌活性和细胞毒性。
GEO 通过水蒸馏法获得，然后进行馏分分离。通过气相色谱/质谱联用技术对 GEO 和馏分进行化学特征分析。通过 Resazurin 微量滴定板法和肉汤微量稀释法分别评估 Mtb 和 NTM 的抗分枝杆菌活性。通过 MTT 比色法评估细胞毒性。
分析表明，GEO 样品中含有 63 种化合物，主要为单萜和倍半萜。GEO 馏分分离得到 11 个馏分（FR1 至 FR11）。GEO 和馏分的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）范围为 31.25 至>250μg/ml，对 Mtb；15.6 至>250μg/ml，对 NTM。GEO 对 NTM、脓肿分枝杆菌和溃疡分枝杆菌亚种的活性优于半纯馏分。一个馏分（FR5），主要含有γ-桉叶醇，对 Mtb 和 NTM 最具活性。GEO 和半纯馏分的细胞毒性试验显示 CC 50 值分别为 63.3μg/ml 和 36.3-312.5μg/ml。
总的来说，GEO 显示出混合的单萜和倍半萜，并具有比半纯馏分更好的抗分枝杆菌活性。应进一步研究 GEO 及其馏分的细胞毒性作用。
